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• English ReformationHistory

  The English Reformation was a series of sixteenth-century reforms, spanning the reigns of Henry VIII through Elizabeth I, by which the church in England broke away from the authority of the pope in Rome and was established as a national church with the monarch at its head.

• Mary I of EnglandPeople

  Mary I (1516–1558) was Queen of England and Ireland (reigned 1553–1558). She restored Catholicism in England and executed Protestants, which led Protestant exiles to produce the Geneva Bible.

• Thomas CranmerPeople

  Thomas Cranmer (1489–1556) was the Archbishop of Canterbury who led the English Reformation and compiled the Book of Common Prayer, the foundation of Anglican worship. He was burned at the stake under Mary I.

• Henry AppenzellerPeople

  Henry Appenzeller (1858–1902) was an American missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church (North) who arrived in Korea, then the Joseon kingdom, in 1885. He founded Paichai Hakdang and Chungdong First Methodist Church and took part in Bible translation. He died in 1902 in a shipwreck off Eocheongdo Island.

• Henry MartynPeople

  Henry Martyn (1781–1812) was a Church of England priest and a missionary who worked in India and Persia. He translated the New Testament into Urdu, Persian, and Arabic.

• Henry Ward BeecherPeople

  Henry Ward Beecher (1813–1887) was a nineteenth-century American Congregationalist preacher and abolitionist who served as pastor of Plymouth Church in Brooklyn, New York, for about forty years.

• Henry Dodge AppenzellerPeople

  Henry Dodge Appenzeller (1889–1953) was an American Methodist missionary born in Seoul. He served for about twenty years as the fifth principal of Pai Chai Haktang, the school founded by his father, Henry Appenzeller, and led relief work during the Korean War.

• Matthew HenryPeople

  Matthew Henry (1662–1714) was an English Nonconformist Presbyterian minister and biblical commentator. He wrote the *Exposition of the Old and New Testaments*, commonly known as *Matthew Henry's Commentary*, which is regarded as a classic of devotional commentary.

• Louis SeverancePeople

  Louis Henry Severance (1838–1913) was an American businessman and Presbyterian layman. He served as treasurer of Standard Oil and is known as the benefactor who funded the construction of Severance Hospital in Seoul.

• Heinrich BullingerPeople

  Heinrich Bullinger (1504–1575) was a Swiss Reformer. He succeeded Huldrych Zwingli and led the church of Zurich for more than forty years, and he wrote the Second Helvetic Confession.

• Eric LiddellPeople

  Eric Liddell (1902–1945) was a Scottish athlete and missionary. At the 1924 Paris Olympics he declined to run in the 100 meters heats, which were held on a Sunday, and went on to win the gold medal in the 400 meters. He later served as a missionary in China and died in a Japanese internment camp.

• Walk to CanossaHistory

  The Walk to Canossa was the event of January 1077 in which the excommunicated German king Henry IV sought forgiveness from Pope Gregory VII at the castle of Canossa in northern Italy and received absolution. It is regarded as an emblematic episode of the Investiture Controversy, the medieval conflict between the papacy and secular rulers.

• Watchman NeePeople

  Watchman Nee (Ni Tuosheng, 1903–1972) was a twentieth-century Chinese church leader and author. He founded the local church movement and wrote works such as The Spiritual Man. Imprisoned under the Communist regime, he died in custody.

• Edict of NantesHistory

  The Edict of Nantes was a decree issued in 1598 by King Henry IV of France. It kept Catholicism as the state religion while granting limited religious freedom and civil rights to the Huguenots, the Calvinist Protestants of France, and it brought the French Wars of Religion to an end. Louis XIV revoked it in 1685 through the Edict of Fontainebleau.

• Alice Rebecca AppenzellerPeople

  Alice Rebecca Appenzeller (1885–1950) was an American Methodist missionary and educator. The daughter of Henry Appenzeller, she was born in Seoul and served as principal of Ewha Haktang and president of Ewha Womans College, laying the foundations of higher education for women in Korea.

• Ella Dodge AppenzellerPeople

  Ella Dodge Appenzeller (1854–c. 1915) was the wife of Henry Appenzeller, a missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church (the Northern Methodist church) in the United States. She arrived in Korea (then the Joseon kingdom) with her husband in 1885 as a member of one of the earliest Protestant missionary families there.

• Methodist Theological UniversityInstitutions

  Methodist Theological University (known in Korean by the abbreviation Gamsindae) is a theological university of the Korean Methodist Church in Naengcheon-dong, Seodaemun District, Seoul. The school traces its origins to the theological instruction that Henry Appenzeller began at Pai Chai Hakdang in 1887.

• Gregory VIIPeople

  Gregory VII (Hildebrand, d. 1085) was pope from 1073 to 1085. He led reforms prohibiting simony and the appointment of clergy by secular rulers, and he clashed with Emperor Henry IV in the Investiture Controversy.

• Paichai HaktangHistory

  Paichai Haktang was a private secondary school founded in 1885 in Jeong-dong, Seoul, by Henry Appenzeller, a missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States. It is regarded as Korea's first modern private school, and its successors are today's Paichai Middle School and Paichai High School.