Results for “Pope Francis”

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Articles 38, showing 20

• Dominican OrderHistory

  The Dominican Order is a Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III in 1216. Its official name is the Order of Preachers (O.P.). Together with the Franciscans, it is regarded as one of the foremost mendicant orders of the Middle Ages.

• John Duns ScotusPeople

  John Duns Scotus (c. 1265/66–1308) was a Scottish Franciscan friar and medieval scholastic theologian. Known as "the Subtle Doctor," he is famous for advocating the univocity of being and the Immaculate Conception of Mary.

• CharlemagnePeople

  Charlemagne (born 742 or c. 747–748; died 814) was king of the Franks. On Christmas Day 800 he was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III, and he is regarded as the figure who established the framework of politics, the church, and learning in medieval Western Europe.

• PopeOrganization & Polity

  The pope is the Bishop of Rome, the supreme leader of the Catholic Church (the Roman Catholic Church). The Catholic Church regards the pope as the successor of the apostle Peter, but Protestant and Orthodox churches do not recognize his primacy.

• Honorius IPeople

  Honorius I (d. 638) was bishop of Rome (pope) from 625 to 638. Because of a letter that appeared to affirm a single will in Christ, he was condemned after his death by the Third Council of Constantinople.

• Gregory VIIPeople

  Gregory VII (Hildebrand, d. 1085) was pope from 1073 to 1085. He led reforms prohibiting simony and the appointment of clergy by secular rulers, and he clashed with Emperor Henry IV in the Investiture Controversy.

• John Paul IIPeople

  John Paul II (1920–2005), a native of Poland, was the 264th pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1978 to 2005. He was the first pope to visit Korea, where in 1984 he canonized 103 Korean martyrs.

• John XXIIIPeople

  John XXIII (1881–1963) was the 261st pope of the Roman Catholic Church. During his pontificate he convoked the Second Vatican Council, and he is popularly known as "the Good Pope."

• Benedict XVIPeople

  Benedict XVI (1927–2022), born Joseph Ratzinger, was a German-born prelate who served as the 265th pope of the Roman Catholic Church (2005–2013). Known as a conservative theologian, he was the first pope in nearly 600 years to step down from office during his lifetime.

• Leo XIIIPeople

  Leo XIII (1810–1903) was the 256th pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1878 to 1903. He is known for promulgating the encyclical Rerum Novarum (1891) on the labor question, which established the starting point of Catholic social teaching.

• Papal InfallibilityDoctrine & Theology

  Papal infallibility is the Roman Catholic doctrine that the pope is free from error when, under certain conditions, he formally defines a doctrine concerning faith or morals; Protestants do not accept it.

• Clement of RomePeople

  Clement of Rome was a leader of the church in Rome in the late first century and an Apostolic Father, known as the author of a letter to the church in Corinth commonly called 1 Clement. The Catholic Church counts him as the fourth pope.

• Gregory IPeople

  Gregory I (c. 540–604) was bishop of Rome (pope) from 590 to 604. He is regarded as one of the leading Fathers of the Western Church and is also known as Gregory the Great.

• AntipopeHistory

  An antipope is a person who claims to be pope, or who has been set up as pope with the backing of a particular faction, in opposition to the Roman pontiff whom the Catholic Church recognizes as legitimate.

• LinusPeople

  Linus was a Roman Christian whose name appears in the closing greetings of 2 Timothy 4:21. He is mentioned only once in Scripture, and early church tradition identifies him as an early leader of the church in Rome.

• Papal StatesHistory

  The Papal States were the territories in central Italy that the pope ruled directly as a temporal sovereign from 756 to 1870. They are regarded as the predecessor of present-day Vatican City, which was established by the Lateran Treaty of 1929.

• First Vatican CouncilHistory

  The First Vatican Council was a council of the Catholic Church convened by Pope Pius IX at the Vatican in Rome in 1869–1870. It is best known for defining papal primacy and papal infallibility as dogma.

• Walk to CanossaHistory

  The Walk to Canossa was the event of January 1077 in which the excommunicated German king Henry IV sought forgiveness from Pope Gregory VII at the castle of Canossa in northern Italy and received absolution. It is regarded as an emblematic episode of the Investiture Controversy, the medieval conflict between the papacy and secular rulers.

• Fourth Lateran CouncilHistory

  The largest council of the Middle Ages, convened by Pope Innocent III in 1215 at the Lateran Basilica in Rome. It enacted seventy-one canons, including a confession of faith affirming creation from nothing and the transubstantiation of the Eucharist, and a requirement that the faithful confess at least once a year.