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Hananiah (Ruler of the Citadel)
[People]Hananiah was the ruler of the citadel (fortress) of Jerusalem mentioned in Nehemiah 7:2. After the city wall was rebuilt, Nehemiah placed Jerusalem in his charge together with Nehemiah's brother Hanani. Scripture describes him as a faithful man who feared God above many.
Lord's Supper
[Worship & Rites]The Lord's Supper is the rite instituted by Jesus Christ at the Last Supper. In it believers share the bread and the cup in remembrance of Christ's death, and it is one of the two sacraments observed by Protestants.
Apostles' Creed
[Worship & Rites]The Apostles' Creed is a confession of faith of the Western church that briefly summarizes belief in the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. In Korea, many Protestant churches recite it together in Sunday worship.
Ten Commandments
[Worship & Rites]The Ten Commandments are the ten commands recorded in Exodus 20 and Deuteronomy 5 of the Old Testament, which God is said to have given to Israel at Mount Sinai. In Korean Protestant churches they are used, together with the Apostles' Creed and the Lord's Prayer, as core content for basic instruction in the faith.
Lord's Prayer
[Worship & Rites]The Lord's Prayer is the prayer that Jesus Christ taught his disciples. It is recorded in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, and nearly all churches, regardless of denomination, recite it together in worship and use it in instruction.
Trinity
[Doctrine & Theology]The Trinity is the central Christian doctrine that God is one in essence and exists in three persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. It is confessed in common by Protestant, Catholic, and Eastern Orthodox churches.
Incarnation
[Doctrine & Theology]The Incarnation is a central Christian doctrine holding that the Son of God took on a human body and was born into the world as Jesus Christ. The doctrine expresses the confession that Christ is both true God and true man.
Gospel
[Doctrine & Theology]The gospel means "good news." In Christianity it refers to the message that God saves people through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Psalms
[Bible]The Book of Psalms is a collection of 150 prayers and songs of praise in the Old Testament. Used in the worship of ancient Israel, it remains one of the most widely used books of the Bible in the worship and personal devotional life of the church today.
New Testament
[Bible]The New Testament is the collection of twenty-seven books that contain the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, the formation of the early church, and the letters of the apostles. Together with the Old Testament, it makes up the Protestant Bible.
Book of Revelation
[Bible]The Book of Revelation is the last book of the New Testament. Written in the form of apocalyptic literature, it records the visions given to John concerning the second coming of Christ and the final victory of God. It is often referred to simply as Revelation.
New Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Gaejeong)
[Bible]The New Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Gaejeong) is a Korean translation of the Bible published by the Korean Bible Society in 1998 as a revision of the Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Hangeul). Today most Korean Protestant denominations use it as their Bible for worship.
Rapture
[Doctrine & Theology]The rapture is the belief that, when Jesus Christ returns, living believers will be caught up into the air to meet the Lord. Denominations and theological traditions differ on when it will occur.
Gospels
[Bible]The Gospels are the first four books of the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John), which record the life, teaching, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Together they are called the four Gospels.
Plymouth Brethren
[Denominations]The Plymouth Brethren are a Protestant denomination rooted in the Brethren movement that began in Dublin, Ireland, in the 1820s. They have no clerical order separating pastors from laity and no denominational organization. Instead, their church life centers on local assemblies led by elders.
Cessationism and Continuationism
[Controversies]Cessationism and continuationism are opposing positions in the debate over whether gifts of the Holy Spirit such as tongues, prophecy, and divine healing have continued beyond the apostolic age. Some conservative Presbyterians hold that these gifts have ceased, while Pentecostal churches, such as the Assemblies of God (Full Gospel), hold that they continue today.
Hereditary Pastoral Succession
[Controversies]Hereditary pastoral succession is the practice of passing a senior pastor's position to the pastor's child or son-in-law. It is also called hereditary pastorate or passing down the pastorate. In Korea, denominations such as the Korean Methodist Church and the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap) have prohibited it by church law, and debate over the practice continues.
Ancestral Rites and Memorial Services
[Controversies]The question of whether ancestral rites should be forbidden as idolatry or regarded as a cultural expression of filial piety. Korean Protestant churches have prohibited ancestral rites and have instead held memorial services.
Assurance of Salvation
[Controversies]A discussion of whether a person who has once been saved can lose salvation, and of the grounds on which a person may be assured of being saved.
105-Man Incident
[History]The 105-Man Incident was a 1911 case in which the Japanese Government-General of Korea fabricated a plot to assassinate Governor-General Terauchi and arrested hundreds of members of the New People's Association (Sinminhoe) and Christians from Korea's northwestern provinces. Its name comes from the 105 defendants convicted at the first trial.