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Noahic Covenant
[Bible]The Noahic covenant is the covenant God made after the Flood with Noah, his descendants, and every living creature. In it God promised never again to destroy the earth by a flood and appointed the rainbow as its sign (Genesis 9). It is also called the "rainbow covenant."
Josephus
[People]Josephus (c. 37 – c. 100) was a first-century Jewish historian. He wrote The Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews, and his works are among the extrabiblical sources most frequently consulted in studying the background of the New Testament.
Abraham's Bosom
[Bible]Abraham's bosom is the expression used for the place to which the beggar Lazarus was carried after his death in Jesus' account of the rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16:22-23). It is commonly understood to denote the rest and comfort the righteous enjoy after death.
Breastplate (High Priest)
[Bible]The breastplate was a square ornamental piece of fabric that the high priest of Old Testament Israel wore on his chest over the ephod. It held twelve gemstones engraved with the names of the twelve tribes and contained the Urim and Thummim.
Eliezer
[People]Eliezer was the second son of Moses and Zipporah. His name is understood to mean "my God is help." Several people in the Bible bear the same name, and Eliezer the servant of Abraham is especially well known.
Angel of the Lord
[Bible]The Angel of the Lord is an Old Testament term for a being sent by God who appears to people and delivers his word. Because the angel sometimes speaks as though he were God himself, interpreters disagree about the angel's identity.
Obed
[People]Obed is the son of Boaz and Ruth in the Book of Ruth. He was the father of Jesse and the grandfather of David, and his name also appears in the genealogies of Jesus Christ in Matthew and Luke.
Miletus
[Bible]Miletus was a port city on the western coast of Asia Minor where Paul, traveling to Jerusalem at the end of his third missionary journey, summoned the elders of the church at Ephesus and delivered his farewell address.
Cenchreae
[Bible]Cenchreae was the eastern port of Corinth in New Testament times. Paul had his hair cut there because of a vow (Acts 18:18), and it was home to the church that Phoebe served (Romans 16:1).
Asher
[People]Asher was a son of Jacob by Zilpah, the maidservant of Leah. His descendants formed the tribe of Asher, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. His name is interpreted as meaning "happiness."
Elihu
[People]Elihu is a young man in Job 32–37 who steps forward after the debate between Job and his three friends has ended and delivers a lengthy discourse. He is introduced as the son of Barachel the Buzite.
Amnon
[People]Amnon was the firstborn son of David, an Old Testament figure who raped his half-sister Tamar and was killed two years later by her full brother Absalom. His story is told in 2 Samuel 13.
Maccabean Revolt
[History]The Maccabean Revolt was a Jewish uprising begun in 167 BC by the priest Mattathias and his sons after Antiochus IV of the Seleucid dynasty outlawed the practice of Judaism. It led to the rededication of the Jerusalem temple and the establishment of the Hasmonean dynasty.
Trophimus
[People]Trophimus was a Gentile Christian from Ephesus who appears in Acts and 2 Timothy. He accompanied Paul on his final journey to Jerusalem, and a mistaken assumption about him led to Paul's arrest.
Naboth
[People]Naboth was a Jezreelite who appears in 1 Kings 21. He refused to sell his ancestral vineyard to King Ahab and, through a scheme devised by Jezebel, was falsely accused and stoned to death.
Caesar Augustus
[People]Caesar Augustus was the first emperor of the Roman Empire. Luke 2:1 records his decree that all the world should be taxed, which forms the background to the birth of Jesus.
Quirinius
[People]Quirinius (Cyrenius in the KJV) was the Roman official whom Luke 2:2 records as governor of Syria when the Roman emperor issued his decree of enrollment. He is frequently discussed in efforts to date the birth of Jesus.
Crispus
[People]Crispus was the ruler of the synagogue in Corinth who, together with his entire household, believed in Jesus during the apostle Paul's ministry there. He is recorded as one of the few people whom Paul personally baptized.
Ephraim
[People]Ephraim was the second son born to Joseph in Egypt. His grandfather Jacob blessed him ahead of his older brother, Manasseh. He was the ancestor of the tribe of Ephraim, and in the prophetic books his name is also used for the northern kingdom of Israel.
Maher-shalal-hash-baz
[People]Maher-shalal-hash-baz was a son of the prophet Isaiah and appears in Isaiah 8. His name, meaning "plunder comes swiftly, spoil comes speedily," served as a sign that Aram and the northern kingdom of Israel, which were threatening Judah, would fall to Assyria.