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Joel (Prophet)
[People]Joel was the prophet whose message is preserved in the Old Testament Book of Joel. Scripture identifies him only as "the son of Pethuel." He is known for his account of a locust plague, his call to repentance, and the promise that God would pour out His Spirit.
Joshua (High Priest)
[People]Joshua was the high priest who led the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem after the return from the Babylonian exile. The son of Jehozadak, he appears as "Jeshua" in Ezra and Nehemiah.
Hamor
[People]Hamor was a Hivite of the Canaanite city of Shechem and the father of Shechem, mentioned in Genesis 33–34. As head of the family that sold land to Jacob, he was killed by Simeon and Levi after the incident involving Dinah.
Azariah (Son of Oded)
[People]Azariah, the son of Oded, was a prophet during the reign of King Asa of Judah. In 2 Chronicles 15 he urged Asa to seek the LORD, prompting the removal of idols and a renewal of the covenant.
Zerah (the Cushite)
[People]Zerah was a Cushite who led a vast army as far as Mareshah in the days of King Asa of Judah and was defeated. He appears only in 2 Chronicles 14.
Elnathan
[People]Elnathan was a man of Jerusalem in the final years of the kingdom of Judah and the father of Nehushta, the mother of King Jehoiachin (2 Kings 24:8). Many identify him with "Elnathan the son of Achbor," an official of King Jehoiakim mentioned in the Book of Jeremiah.
Medium of Endor
[People]The medium of Endor is a woman in 1 Samuel 28 who was said to call up the spirits of the dead. According to the biblical account, she called up the deceased Samuel at the request of King Saul on the eve of his battle with the Philistines.
Jerahmeel
[People]Jerahmeel was the firstborn son of Hezron of the tribe of Judah; his descendants are recorded at length in the genealogy of 1 Chronicles 2. The Jerahmeelites, regarded as his descendants, also appear in 1 Samuel.
Levi (Son of Jacob)
[People]Levi was the third son of Jacob and Leah and the ancestor of the tribe of Levi, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. Moses and Aaron, as well as the Levites and priests who served in the tabernacle and the temple, were all his descendants.
Ram
[People]Ram was an Old Testament figure of the tribe of Judah, the son of Hezron and the father of Amminadab. His name appears in the genealogies of David in Ruth and 1 Chronicles and in the genealogy of Jesus Christ in the Gospel of Matthew.
Izhar
[People]Izhar was a grandson of Levi and a son of Kohath. He was the uncle of Moses and Aaron and appears in biblical genealogies as the father of Korah, who rose up against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.
Makkedah
[Bible]Makkedah was a town in the lowland of Judah that appears in the account of Joshua's conquest of Canaan. It was the site of the cave where five Amorite kings hid before they were captured and executed, and it later became a town of the tribe of Judah.
Wilderness of Shur
[Bible]The Wilderness of Shur was a desert region between the eastern frontier of Egypt and southern Canaan. It was the first place the Israelites entered after crossing the Red Sea. In Genesis and elsewhere it is called simply Shur.
The Holocaust
[History]The Holocaust was the systematic murder of approximately six million European Jews by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during the World War II era. After the war, it prompted the churches to reexamine antisemitism and replacement theology.
Messianic Judaism
[Denominations]Messianic Judaism is a religious movement whose adherents believe Jesus to be the Messiah of Israel while seeking to maintain Jewish identity and Jewish practices such as the Sabbath and the biblical feasts.
Ark of Bulrushes
[Bible]The ark of bulrushes is the basket in which, according to Exodus 2, the mother of Moses placed her infant son and set him among the reeds along the bank of the Nile. Pharaoh's daughter discovered the basket, and Moses' life was spared.
Grammatical-Historical Interpretation
[Doctrine & Theology]Grammatical-historical interpretation is a method of biblical interpretation that reads the text in light of the grammar of its original languages and the historical setting in which it was written, in order to discover the meaning the author originally intended to convey.
Drink Offering
[Bible]The drink offering was an Old Testament offering in which a beverage such as wine was poured out to God, usually alongside the burnt offering or the peace offering. In the New Testament, Paul compared his own devotion and death to a drink offering.
Wrath of God
[Doctrine & Theology]The wrath of God is a theological term for God's holy opposition to and judgment upon sin and unrighteousness. It appears throughout the Bible and is an important theme in explaining the doctrines of atonement and salvation.
Ebionites
[Doctrine & Theology]The Ebionites were a Jewish Christian group that existed from the first to the fourth century. Because they insisted on observance of the Mosaic Law and regarded Jesus as a man chosen by God, the early church fathers described them as a group that had departed from orthodoxy.