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Gospel of Thomas
[History]The Gospel of Thomas is an ancient document containing a collection of 114 sayings of Jesus. Its complete Coptic text was discovered in 1945 at Nag Hammadi, Egypt. It is not included in the biblical canon.
Qumran
[Bible]Qumran is an ancient site on the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea. It became widely known after the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered in nearby caves beginning in 1947. The name does not appear in the Bible.
Nag Hammadi Library
[History]The Nag Hammadi library is a collection of Coptic manuscripts from around the fourth century, discovered in 1945 near Nag Hammadi, Egypt. Containing some fifty works, including the Gospel of Thomas, it has become a key source for the study of Gnosticism in the early Christian era.
Christian Zionism
[Doctrine & Theology]Christian Zionism is a school of thought and movement within Christianity that regards the return of the Jewish people to the land of Palestine and the founding of the State of Israel in 1948 as the fulfillment of biblical prophecy, and that supports the State of Israel for religious reasons.
Deuteronomistic History
[Doctrine & Theology]The Deuteronomistic History is a theory in Old Testament scholarship that regards Joshua through 2 Kings as a single historical work shaped by the theology of Deuteronomy. It was first systematically formulated in 1943 by the German scholar Martin Noth.
Revised Common Lectionary
[Worship & Rites]The Revised Common Lectionary (RCL) is a table of Scripture readings that assigns the biblical texts to be read in worship on each Sunday and festival according to a three-year cycle. It was published in 1992 by an ecumenical consultation of North American denominations.
Luther University
[Institutions]Luther University is a private four-year university in South Korea founded by the Lutheran Church in Korea. Located in Giheung District, Yongin, Gyeonggi Province, it opened in 1966 as Luther Theological Institute. Alongside theological education, it specializes in caregiving ("human care") fields such as social welfare and counseling.
Korean Revised Version
[Bible]The Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Hangeul) is the common short name for the Holy Bible, Korean Revised Version, published by the Korean Bible Society in 1961. Until the New Korean Revised Version appeared in 1998, it was the standard Korean-language Bible used by most Protestant denominations in Korea.
Twelve Articles of Faith
[Doctrine & Theology]The Twelve Articles of Faith is a twelve-article creed adopted by the Independent Presbytery of the Korean Presbyterian Church, which was organized in 1907. It still appears in the doctrinal sections of the constitutions of several Korean Presbyterian denominations.
Hagia Sophia
[History]Hagia Sophia is a building in Istanbul, Türkiye (formerly Constantinople). Dedicated in 537 as the cathedral of the Eastern Roman Empire, it became a mosque in 1453 and a museum in 1934, and was converted back into a mosque in 2020.
Teresa of Ávila
[People]Teresa of Ávila (1515–1582) was a Spanish Catholic nun and mystic (one who seeks direct union with God). She reformed the Carmelite Order, founding the Discalced Carmelites, and wrote The Interior Castle. In 1970 she became the first woman proclaimed a Doctor of the Church.
J. R. R. Tolkien
[People]J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973) was an English philologist and author best known for *The Hobbit* and *The Lord of the Rings*. A devout Roman Catholic, he is known for having influenced C. S. Lewis's conversion to Christianity.
Cell Church
[History]The cell church is a model of ministry that understands the church as a network of small groups, or cells, that grow and multiply on their own. The term also refers to a movement that spread in South Korea from the late 1990s. This article also covers G12, one branch of the cell church movement.
Emerging Church
[History]The emerging church was a church-renewal movement that arose in the Western evangelical world, particularly in the United States, from the late 1990s through the 2000s. It sought forms of worship, community, and mission suited to postmodern culture, and it spread not as a denomination but as a loose "conversation."
Church Growth Movement
[History]The Church Growth Movement is a current within evangelical missiology that sought to study the causes of church growth through surveys, statistics, and sociology and to apply the findings to evangelism and mission. It originated in the 1950s with the missionary Donald McGavran and is also known as church growth studies.
Papal States
[History]The Papal States were the territories in central Italy that the pope ruled directly as a temporal sovereign from 756 to 1870. They are regarded as the predecessor of present-day Vatican City, which was established by the Lateran Treaty of 1929.
History of the Anglican Church in Korea
[History]The history of the Anglican Church in Korea began in 1890, when Bishop Charles John Corfe of the Church of England arrived at Chemulpo. The church began as a diocese under the Church of England, received its first Korean bishop in 1965, and became an independent province, the Anglican Church of Korea, in 1993.
History of the Pentecostal Movement in Korea
[History]The history of the Pentecostal movement in Korea traces how Pentecostal faith, with its emphasis on speaking in tongues and divine healing, took root in Korea after the missionary Mary Rumsey arrived in 1928, and how denominations centered on the Korea Assemblies of God were founded, grew, and divided.
Released Prisoner Saints
[History]The Released Prisoner Saints were Korean Protestant believers who had been imprisoned for refusing Shinto shrine worship during the final years of Japanese colonial rule and who were freed when Korea was liberated in August 1945. Immediately after liberation, they called for repentance over shrine worship and for the rebuilding of the church.
Soongsil School
[History]Soongsil School was a Christian school founded in Pyongyang in 1897 by William Baird, a missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian). In 1938 it closed voluntarily rather than submit to Shinto shrine worship. After Korea's liberation and division, it was reestablished in Seoul, and its legacy continues in Soongsil Middle and High Schools and Soongsil University.