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Counter-Reformation
[History]The Counter-Reformation was the movement of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in which the Roman Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation and renewed itself from within. The Council of Trent and the work of the Jesuits were central to it.
Francis of Assisi
[People]Francis of Assisi (1181/1182–1226) was a medieval Italian friar who founded the Order of Friars Minor (the Franciscans), a community devoted to a life of poverty. He is a saint of the Catholic Church and is known for originating the tradition of the Christmas crèche.
Benedict of Nursia
[People]Benedict of Nursia (c. 480 – c. 547) was an Italian monk. He founded the monastery of Monte Cassino and wrote the Rule of Saint Benedict, laying the foundation of monasticism in the Western church.
Rule of Faith
[Doctrine & Theology]The rule of faith (regula fidei) is a summary of the content of the faith that the early church regarded as received from the apostles; it served as a standard for judging whether teaching was sound.
Cyril of Alexandria
[People]Cyril of Alexandria (c. 376–444) was a fifth-century bishop of Alexandria and Church Father who opposed Nestorius at the Council of Ephesus in 431 and led the development of a Christology emphasizing the one person of Christ.
Pope
[Organization & Polity]The pope is the Bishop of Rome, the supreme leader of the Catholic Church (the Roman Catholic Church). The Catholic Church regards the pope as the successor of the apostle Peter, but Protestant and Orthodox churches do not recognize his primacy.
Anselm of Canterbury
[People]Anselm (c. 1033–1109) was a theologian of the medieval Western Church and Archbishop of Canterbury. He is known for his method of "faith seeking understanding," the ontological argument, and the satisfaction theory of the atonement, and he is called the "Father of Scholasticism."
Hesychasm
[Doctrine & Theology]Hesychasm, from the Greek hesychia, meaning "stillness," is a spirituality of prayer in the monastic tradition of the Eastern Orthodox Church that seeks union with God by stilling the heart and ceaselessly repeating the Jesus Prayer.
Ebionites
[Doctrine & Theology]The Ebionites were a Jewish Christian group that existed from the first to the fourth century. Because they insisted on observance of the Mosaic Law and regarded Jesus as a man chosen by God, the early church fathers described them as a group that had departed from orthodoxy.
Theodore of Mopsuestia
[People]Theodore of Mopsuestia (c. 350–428) was an early church theologian and biblical commentator and the leading representative of the Antiochene school. He served as bishop of Mopsuestia and was condemned after his death over Christological questions.
Historicism
[Doctrine & Theology]Historicism is an eschatological method of interpretation that reads the prophecies of Revelation and Daniel as foretelling events fulfilled in sequence throughout church history, from the apostolic age to the Second Coming.
Madaba Map
[History]The Madaba Map is a sixth-century Byzantine mosaic map preserved in the floor of the Church of Saint George in Madaba, Jordan. It is known as the oldest surviving original map of the Holy Land.
Holy Eucharist
[Worship & Rites]The Holy Eucharist is the name Anglican churches, including the Anglican Church of Korea, give to worship centered on Holy Communion. The name derives from the Greek eucharistia, meaning "thanksgiving."
Heinrich Bullinger
[People]Heinrich Bullinger (1504–1575) was a Swiss Reformer. He succeeded Huldrych Zwingli and led the church of Zurich for more than forty years, and he wrote the Second Helvetic Confession.
Rick Warren
[People]Rick Warren (1954– ) is an American evangelical pastor and author. He founded Saddleback Church in California in 1980 and wrote *The Purpose Driven Church* and *The Purpose Driven Life*.
John Heron
[People]John W. Heron (1856–1890) was the first medical missionary formally appointed by the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian Church) for service in Joseon Korea. He served as the second director of Jejungwon and was the first person buried in the Yanghwajin Foreign Cemetery.
Clement Owen
[People]Clement Owen (1867–1909) was an ordained minister and medical missionary sent to Korea by the Southern Presbyterian Church in the United States. Known in Korea as O Gi-won, he worked mainly from Mokpo and Gwangju, carrying out medical mission work and itinerant evangelism in South Jeolla Province.
Apostolic Age
[History]The Apostolic Age is the period of first-century Christianity during which the apostles led the church after the ascension of Jesus Christ. It is usually dated from the early AD 30s to around AD 100, when John, traditionally regarded as the last surviving apostle, died.
Wiley Forsythe
[People]Wiley Hamilton Forsythe (1873–1918) was an American medical missionary sent to Korea by the Presbyterian Church in the United States (Southern Presbyterian Church); his Korean name was Bo Wi-ryeom. In 1909 he brought a woman with leprosy whom he had found collapsed by the roadside to Gwangju, an act widely regarded as the beginning of ministry to people with Hansen's disease in the Gwangju region.
Westminster Assembly
[History]The Westminster Assembly was a council of theologians convened by the Long Parliament of England to reform the national church. It met from 1643 until about 1653 and produced the Westminster Confession of Faith, the Larger and Shorter Catechisms, and the Directory for Public Worship.