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Sin
[Doctrine & Theology]In Christianity, sin refers both to acts that transgress God's will and law and to the state of having departed from a right relationship with God. The sin that all humanity is held to have inherited from Adam is called original sin.
Faith
[Doctrine & Theology]Faith is trust in God and Jesus Christ and the acceptance of his word as true. Protestants understand it as the means by which salvation is received, though denominations differ somewhat in emphasis.
Biblical Canon
[Doctrine & Theology]The canon is the list of books that the church has recognized as the Word of God and the standard for faith and life. Protestants regard sixty-six books as canonical and refer to certain books excluded from the canon as the Apocrypha.
Charismatic Movement
[Doctrine & Theology]The charismatic movement is a stream of Christian faith that holds that gifts of the Holy Spirit such as tongues, prophecy, and divine healing are still given today, and that seeks to experience and practice them. The term refers chiefly to the renewal movement that arose within established denominations in the mid-twentieth century.
Millennium
[Doctrine & Theology]The millennium is the "thousand years" of Revelation 20. Eschatological views differ on how this period relates to the second coming of Christ, and they fall broadly into three categories: premillennialism, postmillennialism, and amillennialism.
Evangelicalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Evangelicalism is a broad movement within Protestantism that emphasizes conversion, the authority of Scripture, Christ's atoning death on the cross, and evangelism and service. The term does not designate a particular denomination; it refers to a current of faith that spans many denominations.
Calvinism
[Doctrine & Theology]Calvinism is a theological tradition rooted in the teachings of the Reformer John Calvin. It emphasizes the sovereignty of God in salvation and is commonly summarized by five points drawn from the Canons of Dort, known by the acronym TULIP.
Kingdom of God
[Doctrine & Theology]The kingdom of God is a Christian term for God's reign as king and for the realm over which that reign extends. It is the central theme of Jesus' proclamation. In Korean Protestant usage, it is also widely called cheonguk ("heaven").
Gospel
[Doctrine & Theology]The gospel means "good news." In Christianity it refers to the message that God saves people through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Dispensationalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Dispensationalism is a theological system that reads biblical history as a series of "dispensations" (economies) through which God deals with humanity, and that distinguishes between Israel and the church. It originated in nineteenth-century Britain and has also significantly shaped the understanding of the end times in Korean churches.
Speaking in Tongues
[Doctrine & Theology]Speaking in tongues is the phenomenon of speaking or praying in an unlearned language or in unintelligible sounds, understood as one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit. Denominations differ on its meaning and on whether it continues today.
Nicene Creed
[Doctrine & Theology]The Nicene Creed is a confession of faith first drafted at the Council of Nicaea in 325 and expanded at the Council of Constantinople in 381. It summarizes the Trinitarian faith and is one of the principal ecumenical creeds, accepted by the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, and Protestant churches alike.
Westminster Confession of Faith
[Doctrine & Theology]The Westminster Confession of Faith is a Reformed confession of faith produced by the Westminster Assembly in seventeenth-century England. Together with the Larger and Shorter Catechisms prepared by the same assembly, it serves as the doctrinal standard for most Presbyterian churches worldwide, including most Presbyterian denominations in Korea.
Liberal Theology
[Doctrine & Theology]Liberal theology is a movement in Protestant theology, emerging in the nineteenth century, that treats modern reason, scholarship, and individual religious experience as important criteria for understanding the faith. Among Korean Protestant churches, the term is used chiefly as a critical label by conservatives.
Covenant Theology
[Doctrine & Theology]Covenant theology is a theological system, developed within the Reformed tradition, that seeks to understand the whole of Scripture and the history of salvation as a unity centered on the covenants (relationships grounded in promise) that God has made with human beings.
Eschatology
[Doctrine & Theology]Eschatology is the field of Christian doctrine concerned with the last things of the world and of humanity, namely death and judgment, the second coming of Jesus Christ, the resurrection of the dead, and the consummation of the kingdom of God.
Acts of the Apostles
[Bible]The Acts of the Apostles is the fifth book of the New Testament. It records how, after the ascension of Jesus Christ and with the coming of the Holy Spirit, the church began in Jerusalem and spread as far as Rome.
Psalms
[Bible]The Book of Psalms is a collection of 150 prayers and songs of praise in the Old Testament. Used in the worship of ancient Israel, it remains one of the most widely used books of the Bible in the worship and personal devotional life of the church today.
New Testament
[Bible]The New Testament is the collection of twenty-seven books that contain the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, the formation of the early church, and the letters of the apostles. Together with the Old Testament, it makes up the Protestant Bible.
Old Testament
[Bible]The Old Testament is the first part of the Christian Bible, containing the history, law, prophecy, and poetry concerning God and Israel before the coming of Jesus Christ. Protestants accept thirty-nine books as canonical.