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Sanctification
[Doctrine & Theology]Sanctification is the Protestant doctrine that a Christian who has been justified is actually made holy in thought and conduct through the work of the Holy Spirit.
Fundamentalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Fundamentalism is a conservative theological movement that arose in early twentieth-century American Protestantism to defend biblical inerrancy and core doctrines against liberal theology; the term also denotes the theological position the movement represents.
Repentance
[Doctrine & Theology]Repentance is sorrow for sin together with a turning of heart and life toward God. Protestants regard it, together with faith, as the response by which a person comes to salvation.
Incarnation
[Doctrine & Theology]The Incarnation is a central Christian doctrine holding that the Son of God took on a human body and was born into the world as Jesus Christ. The doctrine expresses the confession that Christ is both true God and true man.
Salvation
[Doctrine & Theology]In Christianity, salvation is the deliverance of human beings from sin and its consequences—death and separation from God—so that they are reconciled to God and receive eternal life.
Pentecostalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Pentecostalism is a Protestant movement that places the experience of the Holy Spirit and the gifts of the Spirit at the center of faith. It began in the United States in the early twentieth century. In Korea it is widely known under the name "Full Gospel."
Reformed Theology
[Doctrine & Theology]Reformed theology is a Protestant theological tradition that continues the line of Zwingli, Calvin, and others within the sixteenth-century Reformation. It emphasizes the sovereignty of God and the authority of Scripture. In Korea, it is represented chiefly by the Presbyterian churches.
Wesleyan Theology
[Doctrine & Theology]Wesleyan theology is a theological tradition rooted in the teachings of John Wesley, who led the eighteenth-century Methodist movement in England. It emphasizes grace extended to all people and a holy life (sanctification). Methodist and Holiness churches, among others, stand within this tradition.
Bible
[Doctrine & Theology]The Bible is the collection of books that Christianity accepts as Scripture recording God's revelation. It is also called the Holy Scriptures. The Protestant Bible consists of sixty-six books: thirty-nine in the Old Testament and twenty-seven in the New Testament.
Sin
[Doctrine & Theology]In Christianity, sin refers both to acts that transgress God's will and law and to the state of having departed from a right relationship with God. The sin that all humanity is held to have inherited from Adam is called original sin.
Faith
[Doctrine & Theology]Faith is trust in God and Jesus Christ and the acceptance of his word as true. Protestants understand it as the means by which salvation is received, though denominations differ somewhat in emphasis.
Biblical Canon
[Doctrine & Theology]The canon is the list of books that the church has recognized as the Word of God and the standard for faith and life. Protestants regard sixty-six books as canonical and refer to certain books excluded from the canon as the Apocrypha.
Charismatic Movement
[Doctrine & Theology]The charismatic movement is a stream of Christian faith that holds that gifts of the Holy Spirit such as tongues, prophecy, and divine healing are still given today, and that seeks to experience and practice them. The term refers chiefly to the renewal movement that arose within established denominations in the mid-twentieth century.
Millennium
[Doctrine & Theology]The millennium is the "thousand years" of Revelation 20. Eschatological views differ on how this period relates to the second coming of Christ, and they fall broadly into three categories: premillennialism, postmillennialism, and amillennialism.
Evangelicalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Evangelicalism is a broad movement within Protestantism that emphasizes conversion, the authority of Scripture, Christ's atoning death on the cross, and evangelism and service. The term does not designate a particular denomination; it refers to a current of faith that spans many denominations.
Calvinism
[Doctrine & Theology]Calvinism is a theological tradition rooted in the teachings of the Reformer John Calvin. It emphasizes the sovereignty of God in salvation and is commonly summarized by five points drawn from the Canons of Dort, known by the acronym TULIP.
Kingdom of God
[Doctrine & Theology]The kingdom of God is a Christian term for God's reign as king and for the realm over which that reign extends. It is the central theme of Jesus' proclamation. In Korean Protestant usage, it is also widely called cheonguk ("heaven").
Gospel
[Doctrine & Theology]The gospel means "good news." In Christianity it refers to the message that God saves people through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Dispensationalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Dispensationalism is a theological system that reads biblical history as a series of "dispensations" (economies) through which God deals with humanity, and that distinguishes between Israel and the church. It originated in nineteenth-century Britain and has also significantly shaped the understanding of the end times in Korean churches.
Speaking in Tongues
[Doctrine & Theology]Speaking in tongues is the phenomenon of speaking or praying in an unlearned language or in unintelligible sounds, understood as one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit. Denominations differ on its meaning and on whether it continues today.