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1000 articles found for “Church calendar”

• Apologist

  [Doctrine & Theology]

  An apologist is a person who argues that the Christian faith is true and reasonable and who responds to criticisms and misunderstandings of it. The term is used especially for the second-century early church writers who wrote in defense of the faith.

• Byzantine Text

  [Bible]

  The Byzantine text is the text type to which the majority of extant Greek New Testament manuscripts belong. Widely copied in the church of the medieval Byzantine Empire, it became the basis of the Textus Receptus and the King James Version.

• Subordinationism

  [Doctrine & Theology]

  Subordinationism is the view that, within the triune God, the Son and the Holy Spirit are inferior to the Father in essence or divinity. Since the Nicene Creed, the orthodox church has rejected this position.

• Ichthys

  [History]

  Ichthys is the Greek word for "fish" and the name of a fish-shaped symbol that early Christians used to express their faith. It remains in wide use today on church signs, car decals, and similar items.

• Gregory I

  [People]

  Gregory I (c. 540–604) was bishop of Rome (pope) from 590 to 604. He is regarded as one of the leading Fathers of the Western Church and is also known as Gregory the Great.

• Second Council of Nicaea

  [History]

  The Second Council of Nicaea was a council held in 787 at Nicaea in the Eastern Roman Empire. Amid the iconoclast controversy, it reaffirmed the veneration of icons. The Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church accept it as the Seventh Ecumenical Council.

• Savoy Declaration

  [Doctrine & Theology]

  The Savoy Declaration is a confession of faith adopted in 1658 by leaders of the Congregational (Independent) churches at the Savoy Palace in London, England. It is based on the Westminster Confession of Faith but revises its treatment of church government to accord with Congregationalism.

• Julius Africanus

  [People]

  Julius Africanus (c. 160 – c. 240) was a Christian scholar of the early church in the third century. He wrote a chronicle that arranged world history according to biblical chronology, and he is known for explaining the differences between the genealogies of Jesus in Matthew and Luke by appeal to levirate marriage.

• Henry VIII

  [People]

  Henry VIII (1491–1547) was King of England (reigned 1509–1547). After breaking with the pope over the annulment of his marriage, he declared the monarch Supreme Head of the Church of England, laying the foundation for what is today the Anglican Communion.

• Antipope

  [History]

  An antipope is a person who claims to be pope, or who has been set up as pope with the backing of a particular faction, in opposition to the Roman pontiff whom the Catholic Church recognizes as legitimate.

• Clerical Celibacy

  [Organization & Polity]

  Clerical celibacy is a discipline that requires members of the clergy to remain unmarried and celibate. It is most notably practiced by the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, while Protestant churches have not followed it since the Reformation.

• Old Testament Apocrypha

  [Bible]

  The Old Testament Apocrypha is the Protestant term for Jewish writings that appear in Greek manuscripts of the Old Testament but are absent from the Hebrew Bible. The Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church accept some of these books as canonical.

• Persecution

  [History]

  Persecution refers to the oppression, punishment, and violence inflicted on Christians and the church by states or social groups because of their faith. It has been a significant experience throughout church history, from the early church to the church in Korea.

• Girolamo Savonarola

  [People]

  Girolamo Savonarola (1452–1498) was a Dominican friar and preacher active in Florence, Italy. He denounced corruption in the church and in society, was excommunicated, and was executed. Protestants commonly count him among the forerunners of the Reformation.

• John Wycliffe

  [People]

  John Wycliffe (c. 1330–1384) was an English theologian, philosopher, and church reformer. He led the effort to produce the first translation of the entire Bible into English and is regarded as a forerunner of the Reformation for his advocacy of church reform.

• Jan Hus

  [People]

  Jan Hus (c. 1369–1415) was a theologian and preacher from Bohemia (the present-day Czech Republic). After advocating church reform, he was condemned as a heretic at the Council of Constance in 1415 and burned at the stake. Protestants regard him as a forerunner of the Reformation.

• Samuel Rutherford

  [People]

  Samuel Rutherford (c. 1600–1661) was a seventeenth-century Scottish Presbyterian minister and theologian. He attended the Westminster Assembly as a commissioner of the Church of Scotland and is known for his work of political theory, *Lex, Rex*, and for his collected letters.

• Aimee Semple McPherson

  [People]

  Aimee Semple McPherson (1890–1944) was a Canadian-born Pentecostal evangelist and early radio preacher who ministered in the United States. She founded the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel.

• J. Gresham Machen

  [People]

  John Gresham Machen (1881–1937) was an American Presbyterian New Testament scholar. He criticized liberal theology in *Christianity and Liberalism* and founded Westminster Theological Seminary and the Orthodox Presbyterian Church.

• John Piper

  [People]

  John Piper (1946– ) is an American Baptist pastor and theologian. He served for thirty-three years at Bethlehem Baptist Church in Minneapolis, advocated what he calls "Christian Hedonism," and founded the ministry Desiring God.