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Targum
[Bible]A Targum is one of the ancient Jewish translations and paraphrases of the Hebrew Old Testament into Aramaic. The Targums are generally understood to have originated as oral explanations given when Scripture was read aloud in the synagogue.
Nisroch
[Bible]In the Old Testament, Nisroch is the name of the god worshiped by the Assyrian king Sennacherib. According to the biblical account, Sennacherib was killed by two of his sons while worshiping in the temple of Nisroch.
Absalom's Rebellion
[Bible]Absalom's rebellion was the revolt in which Absalom, son of King David, declared himself king in Hebron and rose up against his father. Recounted in 2 Samuel 15–18, it ends with Absalom's death and David's mourning.
Aiah
[People]Aiah is a figure in 2 Samuel, the father of Rizpah, a concubine of King Saul. Scripture refers to him only as "the father of Rizpah" and records nothing else about his life.
2 Kings
[Bible]Second Kings is a historical book of the Old Testament that records, in twenty-five chapters, the later history of the divided kingdom, from Elijah's ascent into heaven through the fall of the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah to the release of the captive King Jehoiachin.
Mattathias
[People]Mattathias was a Jewish priest who lived in Modein in the second century BC. He launched the Maccabean Revolt against the religious persecution of the Seleucid king Antiochus IV, and he was the father of Judas Maccabeus.
Isaiah 41:10
[Bible Verses]God's promise, "Fear thou not; for I am with thee," in which He pledges to strengthen His people and uphold them with the right hand of His righteousness. It is one of the most widely cited verses of comfort for believers facing anxiety and fear.
Ezra 6
[Bible]Ezra 6 is the chapter in which King Darius locates the decree of Cyrus and supports the rebuilding of the temple. The Jerusalem temple is completed in the sixth year of King Darius, and the people celebrate its dedication and keep the Passover.
Esther 1
[Bible]The first chapter of the Book of Esther, in which King Ahasuerus of Persia holds a great feast in the palace at Shushan and issues a decree deposing Queen Vashti after she refuses his summons.
Isaiah 11
[Bible]Isaiah 11 is a prophecy of a righteous king who will come forth from the stem of Jesse, a kingdom of peace in which wild and domestic animals live together, and the return of scattered Israel.
Jezreel
[Bible]Jezreel is a Hebrew place name meaning "God sows." It refers to a city in the northern kingdom of Israel and to the broad valley around it. The city held a royal palace of the house of Ahab and was the setting of the revolt led by Jehu. Jezreel is also the name of a son of the prophet Hosea.
Shushan
[Bible]Shushan (Susa) was a royal city of the Persian Empire that appears in the Old Testament books of Esther, Nehemiah, and Daniel. It is identified with the area around modern Shush in southwestern Iran.
Hasmonean Dynasty
[History]The Hasmonean dynasty was a Jewish priestly dynasty that ruled Judea following the Maccabean Revolt of the second century BC. It came to an end when Herod took Jerusalem in 37 BC.
Ulai River
[Bible]The Ulai is a river near the citadel of Shushan (Susa) in the province of Elam, mentioned in Daniel 8. Beside this river Daniel saw the vision of the ram and the goat, and it is here that Gabriel first appears identified by name.
Shethar-boznai
[People]Shethar-boznai was an official during the reign of the Persian king Darius who investigated the authority for rebuilding the temple in Jerusalem. In Ezra 5–6 his name always appears together with that of Tatnai, governor of the province Beyond the River.
Proverbs 31
[Bible]Proverbs 31 is the final chapter of the Book of Proverbs. It contains the instruction King Lemuel's mother gave her son and a poem in praise of the "virtuous woman."
2 Chronicles
[Bible]Second Chronicles is the fourteenth of the thirty-nine books of the Protestant Old Testament. Centered on the temple and worship, it records events from the reign of Solomon to the fall of the kingdom of Judah and the decree of the Persian king Cyrus permitting the return from exile.
Judges 3
[Bible]Judges 3 introduces the nations the LORD left to test Israel, then recounts the stories of Othniel, the first judge; Ehud, who killed King Eglon of Moab; and Shamgar, who struck down the Philistines.
Ezra 5
[Bible]Ezra 5 is the chapter in which Zerubbabel and Jeshua, moved by the prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah, resume the halted construction of the temple, and Tatnai, governor of the province Beyond the River, writes to King Darius to ask whether the building has been authorized.
Zechariah 7
[Bible]Zechariah 7 records how, in the fourth year of King Darius, the people of Bethel ask whether they should continue the fast of the fifth month. God answers by questioning the motive behind their fasting and calling for justice and compassion.