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Parallelism
Parallelism is the characteristic mode of expression in Hebrew poetry, in which the thought of one line is paired with a following line that restates it, contrasts with it, or adds to it. It appears widely in the poetry of the Old Testament, including Psalms and Proverbs, and in the prophetic books.
Jewish Calendar
The Jewish calendar is the calendar used by ancient Israel and the Jewish people. It reckons months by the waxing and waning of the moon and adjusts the year to keep pace with the seasons. All the feast dates of the Old Testament follow this calendar.
Shalom
Shalom is a Hebrew word meaning "wholeness, well-being, peace." In the Old Testament it is used widely as a greeting, in blessings, and to describe the state of wholeness that God gives. The New Testament carries the concept forward through the Greek word eirēnē.
Hokmah
Hokmah is a Hebrew word meaning "wisdom." In the Old Testament it covers a wide range of meanings, from a craftsman's skill to the wisdom of a life lived in the fear of God. It is a central concept of the wisdom literature, including Proverbs, Job, and Ecclesiastes.
Latter Prophets
The Latter Prophets (Hebrew Nevi'im Aharonim) are the second half of the Prophets (Nevi'im), the second division of the Hebrew Bible. The term refers to Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets, books compiled chiefly from the messages delivered by the prophets.
Emet
Emet (אֱמֶת) is a Hebrew word meaning "firmness, faithfulness, truthfulness, truth." In the Old Testament it describes the character and word of God as well as human honesty. It is frequently paired with [[헤세드|hesed]].
Shiphrah
Shiphrah is a Hebrew midwife (a woman who assists in childbirth) mentioned in Exodus 1. Together with Puah, she refused to obey the king of Egypt's order to kill Hebrew baby boys and instead let the children live.
Hoham
Hoham was the king of Hebron during the conquest of Canaan. Together with Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem, he attacked Gibeon, was defeated by Joshua, and was executed at Makkedah (Joshua 10).
Elohim
Elohim is the most common Hebrew word for God in the Old Testament. Although it is grammatically plural, it usually takes a singular verb when it refers to the God of Israel. Korean Bibles generally render it as Hananim ("God").
Samaritan Pentateuch
The Samaritan Pentateuch is the Hebrew text of the Five Books of Moses that the Samaritan community has preserved from generation to generation. It agrees with the Masoretic Text used in Judaism in most respects, but it differs in certain places, notably in passages that exalt Mount Gerizim as the place of worship.
Kiriath-arba
Kiriath-arba is the ancient name of Hebron, a town in the hill country of Judah in southern Canaan. The Old Testament explains that the name came from Arba, the greatest man among the Anakim.
Writings (Ketuvim)
The Writings are the third of the three divisions of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), following the Law and the Prophets. Called Ketuvim ("things written") in Hebrew, the division comprises eleven books by Jewish reckoning, including Psalms, Job, and Proverbs.
Jeriah
Jeriah was a chief of the Hebronite clan of the tribe of Levi in the time of David. At David's command he led a family that oversaw the work of God and the affairs of the king among the tribes east of the Jordan.
Ecclesiastes 5:15
A verse stating that just as a person came forth naked from the womb, so at death he takes nothing of what he has labored to gain. It is frequently cited alongside Job 1:21 and 1 Timothy 6:7 in discussions of the transience of wealth and the finitude of human life.
Masoretic Text
The Masoretic Text is the standard text of the Hebrew Old Testament, transmitted by medieval Jewish scholars (the Masoretes) who added vowel points and annotations. Most Old Testament translations today use it as their base text.
Tanakh
Tanakh is the name Judaism uses for the Hebrew Bible. The word is an acronym formed from the Law (Torah), the Prophets (Nevi'im), and the Writings (Ketuvim). Its contents are identical to the thirty-nine books of the Protestant Old Testament, but it counts them as twenty-four books and arranges them in a different order.
Midwife
A midwife is a woman who assists another woman in childbirth. In the Bible, midwives appear in Genesis and Exodus. They are best known through the account of Shiphrah and Puah, who defied Pharaoh's order and saved the lives of Hebrew baby boys.
Thomas à Kempis
Thomas à Kempis was a German-born monk who lived and worked in the Netherlands in the fifteenth century. He is known as the author of The Imitation of Christ, a devotional book that has been widely read across denominational lines.
Joel 2:32
Joel 2:32 promises that on the day of the LORD "whosoever shall call on the name of the LORD shall be delivered." Quoted in Peter's Pentecost sermon (Acts 2:21) and in Romans 10:13, it is frequently cited as a text on the universal offer of salvation and on the lordship of Jesus.
Kislev
Kislev is the ninth month of the calendar used by the Jews after the Babylonian exile, corresponding roughly to November–December. Scripture names it in Nehemiah 1:1 and Zechariah 7:1.