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Apostles' Creed
[Worship & Rites]The Apostles' Creed is a confession of faith of the Western church that briefly summarizes belief in the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. In Korea, many Protestant churches recite it together in Sunday worship.
Prayer
[Christian Life]Prayer is an act of faith in which believers offer praise, thanksgiving, confession, and petition to God; Protestants commonly describe it as "conversation with God." Korean Protestant churches are known for their active prayer gatherings, such as early morning prayer meetings and praying aloud together (tongseong gido).
Salvation
[Doctrine & Theology]In Christianity, salvation is the deliverance of human beings from sin and its consequences—death and separation from God—so that they are reconciled to God and receive eternal life.
Pentecostalism
[Doctrine & Theology]Pentecostalism is a Protestant movement that places the experience of the Holy Spirit and the gifts of the Spirit at the center of faith. It began in the United States in the early twentieth century. In Korea it is widely known under the name "Full Gospel."
Nicene Creed
[Doctrine & Theology]The Nicene Creed is a confession of faith first drafted at the Council of Nicaea in 325 and expanded at the Council of Constantinople in 381. It summarizes the Trinitarian faith and is one of the principal ecumenical creeds, accepted by the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, and Protestant churches alike.
Tithing Controversy
[Controversies]A debate over whether the tithe, the giving of one-tenth of one's income, remains an obligation for Christians today.
The Sabbath and the Lord's Day
[Controversies]A discussion of whether Christians should observe the seventh-day (Saturday) Sabbath or the first-day (Sunday) Lord's Day, and whether the Lord's Day should be kept in the manner of the Old Testament Sabbath.
WCC Controversy
[Controversies]A controversy among Korean Protestant churches over whether to join and cooperate with the World Council of Churches (WCC). It was one of the causes of the 1959 division of the Presbyterian Church in Korea into the Tonghap and Hapdong branches, and it flared up again on a large scale when the WCC held its assembly in Busan in 2013.
Epistle to the Galatians
[Bible]The Epistle to the Galatians is the ninth book of the New Testament, a letter from the apostle Paul to the churches of the region of Galatia. It teaches that a person is justified not by the works of the law but by faith.
Colossians
[Bible]Colossians is the twelfth book of the New Testament. It is a letter from the apostle Paul to the church at Colossae in Asia Minor, emphasizing that Christ is preeminent over all things and sufficient for salvation.
2 Peter
[Bible]Second Peter is one of the General Epistles of the New Testament, a three-chapter letter written in the name of the apostle Peter. It warns against false teachers and urges believers to live godly lives as they await the return of Christ.
One-to-One Discipleship
[Christian Life]One-to-one discipleship is a method of spiritual nurture in which an experienced believer is paired with another church member to study the Bible together over a set period using a prescribed curriculum, with the aim of establishing the foundations of the Christian faith.
Korea World Missions Association
[Institutions]The Korea World Missions Association (KWMA) is a Korean Protestant cooperative body for overseas missions that brings together the mission boards of various denominations and mission organizations. Established in 1990 as an incorporated association, it publishes annual statistics on Korean missionaries and has led the "Target 2030" movement.
Worship Music Debate
[Controversies]The worship music debate concerns whether worship should center on traditional hymns or embrace contemporary Christian music (CCM), which uses drums, guitars, and similar instruments. The main issues are musical style, the theological depth of lyrics, and generational differences.
Ephesians 2:8–9
[Bible Verses]Ephesians 2:8–9 is a passage of Paul's letter declaring, "For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast." It is widely regarded as the passage that best summarizes the Reformation principles of "grace alone" and "faith alone," and what the word "that" refers to remains a matter of discussion.
Philippians 2:5-8
[Bible Verses]A passage stating that Christ, though equal with God, "made himself of no reputation" (literally, "emptied himself"), took upon him the form of a servant, and became obedient unto death on the cross. It is the New Testament's most concentrated presentation of Christ's humiliation and became the starting point of the kenosis debate.
Revelation 20:4–6
[Bible Verses]Revelation 20:4–6 is the passage describing how the martyrs and those who had not worshiped the beast "lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years." It is the only text in Scripture that directly mentions the millennium, and it stands at the center of the eschatological debate among premillennialism, amillennialism, and postmillennialism.
Romans 5:12
[Bible Verses]Romans 5:12 states that sin entered the world through one man, Adam, and death through sin, so that death passed upon all people. It is the principal scriptural basis for the Western church's doctrine of original sin, and the Eastern, Western, and various Protestant traditions differ on how Adam's sin is passed on to his descendants.
Joshua (Son of Nun)
[People]Joshua was the Old Testament leader who succeeded Moses and led the people of Israel across the Jordan River into the land of Canaan. The son of Nun of the tribe of Ephraim, he is the central figure of the Book of Joshua.
1 Corinthians 3:16–17
[Bible Verses]A passage in which Paul tells the church in Corinth, "ye are the temple of God," and warns that God will destroy anyone who defiles that temple. It is frequently cited in discussions of the church as a community, the holiness of the body, and divisions within the church.