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Messianic Secret
[Doctrine & Theology]The Messianic Secret is a term in New Testament studies for the scenes in the Gospel of Mark in which Jesus repeatedly commands others not to reveal that he is the Messiah. The German theologian William Wrede named the motif in the early twentieth century, and it has since become a major theme in Gospel research.
Archelaus
[People]Archelaus was a son of Herod the Great who ruled Judea after his father's death. He is mentioned only once in Scripture, in Matthew 2:22, as the reason Joseph's family settled in Nazareth after returning from Egypt.
El Elyon
[Bible]El Elyon is a Hebrew title for God meaning "God Most High." It first appears in Genesis 14 as the name of the God whom Melchizedek served.
God-fearers
[Bible]"God-fearers" is a term for Gentiles of the New Testament era who believed in the God of the Jews and took part in synagogue worship but did not convert to Judaism by receiving circumcision. The expression appears frequently in the Book of Acts.
Documentary Hypothesis
[Doctrine & Theology]The Documentary Hypothesis is a theory in Old Testament scholarship holding that the Pentateuch is not the work of a single author but a compilation of several source documents written separately in different periods.
Hardness of Heart
[Doctrine & Theology]Hardness of heart is a biblical expression for a state in which the heart has become hardened and obstinate against the word and will of God. It appears most prominently in the account of Pharaoh in the Book of Exodus.
Primeval History
[Bible]Primeval history is a scholarly term for Genesis 1–11, the part of Genesis that precedes Abraham and recounts the beginnings of the world and of humanity as a whole rather than of a particular people.
Kiriath-jearim
[Bible]Kiriath-jearim was a town on the border between Judah and Benjamin. It is known as the place where the Ark of the Covenant, after its return from Philistia, remained in the house of Abinadab until David brought it to Jerusalem.
Joseph Barsabbas
[People]Joseph Barsabbas was a disciple in the early church who was put forward, together with Matthias, as a candidate to fill the apostolic office left vacant by Judas Iscariot. He was surnamed Justus, and when lots were cast, Matthias was chosen.
Milcah
[People]Milcah is a woman in the Book of Genesis, the daughter of Haran and the wife of Nahor, Abraham's brother. She was the mother of Bethuel and the grandmother of Rebekah, the wife of Isaac.
Amram
[People]Amram was a son of Kohath of the tribe of Levi, the husband of Jochebed, and the father of Aaron, Moses, and Miriam. His name appears in genealogical passages such as Exodus 6 and Numbers 26.
Joktan
[People]Joktan was a son of Eber, a descendant of Shem, and the younger brother of Peleg. He appears with his thirteen sons in the Table of Nations in Genesis 10 and is commonly regarded as the ancestor of various tribes of southern Arabia.
Alphaeus
[People]Alphaeus is a New Testament figure named only as the father of James, one of the twelve disciples, and as the father of Levi the tax collector. None of his own deeds are recorded.
Asahel
[People]Asahel was a son of Zeruiah, David's sister, and a brother of Joab and Abishai. A warrior swift of foot, he was killed by Abner's spear while pursuing him at the battle of Gibeon, an event that later led Joab to kill Abner.
Debir
[Bible]Debir was a Canaanite city in the hill country of Judah. Its earlier names were Kirjath-sepher and Kirjath-sannah, and it is known as the city captured by Othniel, a member of Caleb's family.
Gehenna
[Bible]Gehenna is a term derived from the "Valley of Hinnom" beside Jerusalem. In the New Testament it refers to the place where the wicked are punished after the final judgment. The New Korean Revised Version renders it as "hell."
Cushan-rishathaim
[People]Cushan-rishathaim is a king of Mesopotamia who appears in Judges 3. Early in the period of the judges, he ruled over Israel for eight years and was defeated by Othniel, the first judge.
Zimri
[People]Zimri was a leader of the tribe of Simeon who appears in Numbers 25. During the Baal-peor incident, he brought a Midianite woman, Cozbi, into the camp before the tabernacle of the congregation and was killed by Phinehas.
Lo-debar
[Bible]Lo-debar was a town in the region of Gilead east of the Jordan River, where Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan, lived before David summoned him. It appears in 2 Samuel 9 and 17.
Pharaoh Hophra
[People]Pharaoh Hophra was a king of Egypt during the final years of the kingdom of Judah. He is named only once in the Bible, in Jeremiah 44:30, and is known as the Egyptian king on whom Judah relied in its resistance to Babylon.