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Iconoclastic Controversy
[History]The Iconoclastic Controversy was a theological and political dispute in the Byzantine Empire during the eighth and ninth centuries over whether it was legitimate to make and venerate images (icons) of Christ and the saints. It was largely settled with the restoration of icon veneration in 843.
Civil Disobedience
[Doctrine & Theology]Civil disobedience is the act of openly and nonviolently breaking a law or state order that one judges in conscience to be unjust, while accepting the resulting punishment. In Christianity it is treated as a question of what to do when obedience to the state conflicts with obedience to God.
Judas Barsabas
[People]Judas Barsabas was a leader and prophet of the Jerusalem church mentioned in Acts 15. Together with Silas, he carried the letter containing the decision of the Jerusalem Council to the church at Antioch.
Aloes
[Bible]Aloes is a precious aromatic mentioned in the Bible. In the Old Testament it describes the fragrance of a king and of lovers; in the New Testament it refers to the spices Nicodemus brought for the burial of Jesus.
Via Egnatia
[History]The Via Egnatia was a trunk road that Rome built across the Balkan Peninsula in the late second century BC. It is known as the route the apostle Paul traveled on his way to Philippi and Thessalonica.
Psalm 95
[Bible]Psalm 95 calls the congregation to praise and worship before the LORD. It then holds up the wilderness generation, which hardened its heart at Meribah and Massah, as a warning and urges its hearers to hear God's voice today.
Election of Elders
[Christian Life]The election of elders is the process by which a church chooses candidates to be set apart as elders. In Presbyterian churches, after the session passes a resolution and the presbytery grants permission, the congregational meeting holds a vote; those elected then pass a presbytery examination and are installed as elders at an ordination service.
Siloam
[Bible]Siloam is the name of a watercourse and pool in the southeastern part of ancient Jerusalem. It is best known from John 9 as the place where Jesus healed a man blind from birth.
Evangelist (Jeondosa)
[Church Offices]In Korean Protestant churches, an evangelist (jeondosa) is a minister who serves in a congregation before ordination as a pastor and is responsible for duties such as education, pastoral visitation, and preaching. The position is usually held by theological students or seminary graduates.
Isaiah 26:3
[Bible Verses]A verse celebrating that God keeps "in perfect peace" the one who trusts in Him and whose mind is stayed on Him. It is frequently cited to comfort believers facing anxiety and worry.
Isaiah 8:8–10
[Bible Verses]A passage in which Isaiah likens the Assyrian invasion to a flood and foretells the crisis coming upon Judah. He then declares that the plans of the nations seeking to attack Judah will fail, because "God is with us" (Immanuel).
Shaphan
[People]Shaphan was a scribe in the reign of King Josiah of Judah. He read before the king the Book of the Law found during the repair of the Temple and thus played a part in the events that set Josiah's religious reform in motion.
Sirach
[Bible]Sirach is a book of wisdom literature generally attributed to Jesus ben Sira, a teacher of the law in Jerusalem in the early second century BC. The Catholic and Orthodox churches regard it as canonical, while most Protestants classify it among the Apocrypha.
Girolamo Savonarola
[People]Girolamo Savonarola (1452–1498) was a Dominican friar and preacher active in Florence, Italy. He denounced corruption in the church and in society, was excommunicated, and was executed. Protestants commonly count him among the forerunners of the Reformation.
Genesis 10
[Bible]Genesis 10 is a genealogical chapter recording how the nations branched out after the Flood from Noah's three sons, Japheth, Ham, and Shem. It is commonly called the "Table of Nations."
Karl Rahner
[People]Karl Rahner (1904–1984) was a German Catholic theologian and Jesuit priest. He served as a theological expert at the Second Vatican Council and is widely known for his concept of the "anonymous Christian."
Hans Küng
[People]Hans Küng (1928–2021) was a Swiss Catholic priest and theologian. After he criticized the doctrine of papal infallibility, the Holy See revoked his authorization to teach as a Catholic theologian in 1979. He was widely known for his work in ecumenism and interreligious dialogue and for the Global Ethic Project.
Eric Liddell
[People]Eric Liddell (1902–1945) was a Scottish athlete and missionary. At the 1924 Paris Olympics he declined to run in the 100 meters heats, which were held on a Sunday, and went on to win the gold medal in the 400 meters. He later served as a missionary in China and died in a Japanese internment camp.
Psalm 65
[Bible]Psalm 65 is a thirteen-verse psalm of praise and thanksgiving that extols God, who hears prayer in Zion and forgives sin; the Creator, who rules the mountains, the seas, and all peoples; and the God who sends rain upon the earth and grants an abundant harvest.
2 Peter
[Bible]Second Peter is one of the General Epistles of the New Testament, a three-chapter letter written in the name of the apostle Peter. It warns against false teachers and urges believers to live godly lives as they await the return of Christ.