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J. I. Packer
[People]J. I. Packer (1926–2020) was an English-born evangelical Anglican theologian in the Reformed tradition who spent the latter part of his career in Canada. He wrote Knowing God and served as general editor of the English Standard Version (ESV) of the Bible.
Cup of Wrath
[Bible]The cup of wrath is a biblical image that likens the judgment and anger God sends to a cup of wine that people must drink. It appears in the Old Testament prophets and the Psalms and carries into the New Testament in the prayer in Gethsemane and the Book of Revelation.
Bishops' Bible
[Bible]The Bishops' Bible is an English Bible published in 1568 by the Church of England under the direction of Matthew Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury. It served as the base text for the translation of the King James Bible in 1611.
J. R. R. Tolkien
[People]J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973) was an English philologist and author best known for *The Hobbit* and *The Lord of the Rings*. A devout Roman Catholic, he is known for having influenced C. S. Lewis's conversion to Christianity.
Nonconformists
[History]Nonconformists, also called Dissenters, were Protestants who, from the seventeenth century onward, did not conform to the worship and institutions of the established Church of England (the Anglican Church) and practiced their faith outside it. They emerged as a distinct body after the mass expulsion of ministers under the Act of Uniformity of 1662.
2 Samuel 24
[Bible]2 Samuel 24, the final chapter of 2 Samuel, recounts how David takes a census and then recognizes his sin. Of the three punishments announced by the prophet Gad, a pestilence falls on Israel. The plague ceases after David buys the threshing floor of Araunah and builds an altar there.
Infant Baptism
[Worship & Rites]Infant baptism is baptism administered to young children who cannot yet profess faith for themselves, on the basis of their parents' profession of faith. Presbyterian, Methodist, Anglican, and Lutheran churches, among others, practice it. Denominations such as the Baptists, which regard a believer's own profession of faith as a condition of baptism, do not.
Jonah 4:11
[Bible Verses]Jonah 4:11 is God's question to Jonah, who was angry that Nineveh had been spared, and the Book of Jonah ends with this question. The verse is frequently cited as an expression of God's compassion, which extends even to Gentile nations.
Bishop
[Church Offices]A bishop is a senior member of the clergy who oversees a diocese made up of multiple churches and performs the ordination of clergy. The title is used by the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. In Korean, Protestant Bibles and the Methodist Church render the same term with a different word, *gamdok* ("overseer").
Smith Wigglesworth
[People]Smith Wigglesworth (1859–1947) was a British evangelist who had a major influence on the early Pentecostal movement. A plumber by trade, he became an itinerant evangelist who emphasized faith and divine healing, and he came to be known as the "Apostle of Faith."
Psalm 30
[Bible]Psalm 30 is a psalm of thanksgiving whose superscription attributes it to David. Delivered from the brink of death, the psalmist confesses that God's anger endures but a moment while His favor lasts a lifetime, and he praises God for turning his mourning into dancing.
Pastoral District (Gyogu)
[Organization & Polity]A pastoral district is a unit into which church members are divided, by region or by group, for pastoral care and church governance. In Korean Protestantism the term (gyogu) usually refers to a pastoral district within a single congregation, while in Anglicanism it refers to a regional church unit, or diocese, under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
Lamentations 2
[Bible]The second poem of the Book of Lamentations, which portrays the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple as the result of the LORD's wrath. It depicts starving children and mocking enemies, urges Zion to cry out to the Lord, and closes with a prayer of lament.
Annie Baird
[People]Annie Baird (1864–1916) was an American woman missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian), known in Korea as An Ae-ri (安愛理). The wife of William Baird (Bae Wi-ryang), she worked in Busan and Pyongyang and left hymn translations and Korean-language writings.
Canaan Believers
[Christian Life]"Canaan believers" (gana-an seongdo) is a term used in Korean Protestantism for Christians who maintain their faith but do not attend any particular church. It is a wordplay: reversing the syllables of the Korean phrase for "not going" (to church) produces the Korean name for Canaan, the Promised Land.
Woman with the Issue of Blood
[People]The woman with the issue of blood is an unnamed woman who, according to the Synoptic Gospels, suffered for twelve years from bleeding that would not stop and was healed when she touched the garment of Jesus.
Horace Allen
[People]Horace Newton Allen (1858–1932) was an American medical missionary sent by the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian) who later became a diplomat. He is regarded as the first Protestant missionary to reside and work in Korea, and he proposed the founding of Gwanghyewon (later renamed Jejungwon), Korea's first Western-style hospital.
Covenant of Peace
[Bible]The covenant of peace is God's promise of a perpetual priesthood, given to Phinehas after the incident at Baal-peor (Numbers 25:12). In the prophetic books, the phrase also describes the covenant of peace that God will make with his restored people.
Ahn Byung-mu
[People]Ahn Byung-mu (1922–1996) was a Korean New Testament scholar and a leading founder of Minjung theology. He is known for interpreting the "crowd" (ochlos) in the Gospel of Mark as the minjung.
Exodus 21:23-25
[Bible Verses]Known as the law of retaliation, this passage calls for repayment of "life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth." Although often misunderstood as encouraging revenge, it is generally interpreted as a law that originally limited punishment to a measure proportionate to the injury. It is also well known as the saying that Jesus quoted and went beyond in the Sermon on the Mount.