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Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil
[Bible]The tree of the knowledge of good and evil is the tree in the midst of the Garden of Eden in Genesis 2–3 whose fruit God commanded Adam not to eat, but which Adam and Eve ate.
Seven Seals, Trumpets, and Bowls
[Bible]The seven seals, seven trumpets, and seven bowls are visions in Revelation 6–16 in which God's judgments unfold in three successive series of seven. Interpreters differ on how the three series relate to one another and when they occur.
Alpha and Omega
[Bible]Alpha and Omega is a title used in the Book of Revelation by God and by Jesus Christ as a self-designation. Alpha and omega are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, and the title signifies the First and the Last, the One who governs the beginning and the end of all things.
Nadab and Abihu
[People]Nadab and Abihu were the eldest and second sons of Aaron. Appointed as priests, they offered incense with "strange fire," which the LORD had not commanded, and were killed by fire that went out from before the LORD.
Abana and Pharpar
[Bible]Abana and Pharpar are two rivers of Damascus that Naaman, commander of the Aramean army, compared favorably with the Jordan River in 2 Kings 5.
Shiphrah and Puah
[People]Shiphrah and Puah were two Hebrew midwives named in Exodus 1. Because they feared God, they refused to obey the Egyptian king's command to kill Hebrew baby boys.
Clean and Unclean
[Bible]Clean and unclean is the distinction in Old Testament law that determined whether persons, animals, or objects were in a fit state to approach God and take part in worship. The New Testament carries this distinction forward in terms of purity of heart and the cleansing accomplished through Christ.
Jannes and Jambres
[People]Jannes and Jambres are two figures named in 2 Timothy 3:8 as men who opposed Moses. Jewish tradition identified them as the Egyptian magicians at Pharaoh's court in the Book of Exodus.
Hophni and Phinehas
[People]Hophni and Phinehas were the two sons of Eli who served as priests at Shiloh at the close of the period of the judges. They sinned in several ways, including treating the sacrifices with contempt, and both died when the Ark of the Covenant was captured in battle against the Philistines.
Bel and the Dragon
[Bible]Bel and the Dragon is a story in which Daniel exposes the true nature of Bel, an idol of Babylon, and of a dragon worshiped there. It has been transmitted as an addition to the Greek Book of Daniel. Catholic and Orthodox Bibles include it as Daniel 14, while Protestants classify it among the Apocrypha.
Testing (Trial and Temptation)
[Christian Life]In Christian usage, testing refers both to a trial that refines faith and to a temptation that leads toward sin. In Korean Protestant churches, the corresponding term is also widely used in the expression *siheom deulda* ("to fall into testing"), which describes a person whose faith has been shaken or whose feelings have been hurt.
Epicureans and Stoics
[Bible]The Epicureans and the Stoics were two Greek philosophical schools whose adherents debated with Paul when he visited Athens, as recorded in Acts 17. This encounter forms the background of Paul's sermon at the Areopagus.
The First and the Last
[Bible]"The First and the Last" is a biblical title expressing that God alone exists before the beginning of all things and after their end. In the Old Testament book of Isaiah it appears as the LORD's self-declaration, and in the New Testament book of Revelation it is used as a title of Christ.
Ketiv and Qere
[Bible]Ketiv and qere are a Masoretic notation system marking places in manuscripts of the Hebrew Old Testament where what is written (ketiv) differs from what is read (qere).
Signs and Wonders
[Bible]"Signs and wonders" is a biblical word pair referring to the marvelous works God performs to reveal his will and power. The Old Testament applies the phrase mainly to the Exodus, and the New Testament to the ministry of Jesus and the apostles.
Biblical Weights and Measures
[Bible]Biblical weights and measures are the units of length, weight, volume, and currency that appear in the Bible. They include the cubit, shekel, talent, ephah, and denarius. Converting them precisely into modern values is difficult.
Cherethites and Pelethites
[Bible]The Cherethites and Pelethites were the king's personal troops during the reign of King David, commanded by Benaiah the son of Jehoiada. They are commonly understood to have been a bodyguard made up of foreign mercenaries.
Distribution of the Bread and the Cup
[Worship & Rites]The distribution of the bread and the cup is the part of the Lord's Supper in which the bread and cup, after the prayer of thanksgiving, are given to the communicants. In Korean Protestant churches, the practice is known as bunbyeong-bunjan, a term combining the distribution of the bread and the distribution of the cup.
Mahlon and Chilion
[People]Mahlon and Chilion are the two sons of Elimelech and Naomi in the Book of Ruth. During the period of the judges they moved with their family to Moab to escape a famine, married Moabite women, and died there. Mahlon's wife was Ruth.
Massah and Meribah
[Bible]Massah and Meribah are the names given to places in the wilderness where, after the Exodus, the people of Israel quarreled with Moses over the lack of water and tested God. Massah means "testing," and Meribah means "quarreling."