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Online Worship
[Worship & Rites]Online worship is a form of worship in which a church streams or broadcasts its service over the internet or other media, allowing members to participate through a screen rather than gathering in a church building. It is also known as remote worship or video worship.
Land-Treading Prayer
[Christian Life]Land-treading prayer is a devotional practice in which believers walk through a particular area or building and pray for it on site. Practitioners ground it in passages such as Joshua 1:3. Among Korean Protestant churches it is used in preparation for evangelism and mission, but prayer conducted at the sites of other religions has also provoked public controversy in South Korea.
Pastoral Visitation
[Christian Life]Pastoral visitation is the practice in which a pastor or church officer visits church members at home, in the hospital, at work, or elsewhere to worship with them, pray for them, and inquire about their circumstances. In Korean Protestant churches, a regular annual visit to every household is called the great visitation (daesimbang).
Targum
[Bible]The Targum is a body of Jewish literature that translates and paraphrases the Hebrew Old Testament into Aramaic. It arose from the post-exilic synagogue practice of reading the Hebrew text aloud and then rendering it orally into Aramaic.
1 Samuel 17
[Bible]1 Samuel 17 is the chapter in which Goliath, a Philistine champion, challenges Israel to single combat in the Valley of Elah, and the shepherd boy David strikes him down with a sling and a stone.
Exodus 20:3–5
[Bible Verses]The opening of the Ten Commandments, which forbids having other gods and making or bowing down to idols. Traditions differ in how they number the commandments, and the phrase "unto the third and fourth generation" is frequently cited in debates among Korean churches over the doctrine of generational curses.
Perseverance of the Saints
[Doctrine & Theology]The perseverance of the saints is the Reformed (Calvinist) doctrine that God upholds to the end those whom He has truly saved, so that they never fall away completely from the faith. Other traditions understand the matter differently.
Descent of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost
[Bible]The descent of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost is the event in which the Holy Spirit came upon the disciples gathered in Jerusalem on the first Pentecost after Jesus' ascension, enabling them to speak in other languages. It is recorded in Acts 2.
Relationship Between the Old and New Testaments
[Bible]The relationship between the Old and New Testaments concerns how the two parts of the Christian Bible are connected to and distinguished from each other. It is commonly described as a relationship of promise and fulfillment, and denominations differ in whether they place greater emphasis on continuity or on distinction.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
[Heresies & Cults]The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is a religious organization founded by Joseph Smith in the United States in 1830 and commonly known as the Mormon Church. It accepts the Book of Mormon as scripture alongside the Bible. In South Korea, the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap), the Korean Methodist Church, the Presbyterian Church in Korea (Hapshin), and other denominations have declared it heretical.
Works of the Flesh
[Bible]The works of the flesh are a catalog of sins that the apostle Paul lists in Galatians 5:19–21 in contrast to the fruit of the Spirit. The list includes sexual immorality, idolatry, strife, and drunkenness, among other items, and closes with "and such like." The New Korean Revised Version renders it as fifteen items.
Missionary Sending by the Korean Church
[History]Missionary sending by the Korean church refers to the history of Korean Protestant churches and mission organizations sending missionaries to other regions and countries. Its beginning is commonly dated to the 1907 mission to Jeju Island. As of the end of 2024, there were 21,621 Korean long-term missionaries serving in 171 countries.
Acts 2:1–4
[Bible Verses]This passage recounts how the Holy Spirit came upon the disciples gathered on the day of Pentecost with a sound like a rushing wind and with tongues as of fire, and how they began to speak in other languages. The event is commemorated as the beginning of the church. What these tongues were, and whether the same experience continues today, are major points of disagreement among denominations.
Pilgrimage to the Holy Land
[Christian Life]A pilgrimage to the Holy Land is a journey made for religious purposes to places where biblical events occurred or to major sites in church history. In Korean Protestant churches, the term chiefly refers to group trips to biblical sites in Israel, Türkiye, Greece, and other countries.
Romans 8:38–39
[Bible Verses]This passage declares that neither death nor life, neither angels nor principalities, nor anything else "shall be able to separate" believers from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus. Widely regarded as the climax of Romans 8, it is frequently cited in debates over the assurance of salvation and the perseverance of the saints.
Religious Pluralism
[Controversies]Religious pluralism refers to the debate over whether religions outside Christianity offer a way of salvation. Positions in this debate are commonly grouped into three: exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism.
Parable of the Unforgiving Servant
[Bible]A parable that Jesus tells in Matthew 18 in answer to Peter's question about forgiveness. A king forgives a servant a debt of ten thousand talents, but the servant refuses to forgive a fellow servant's debt of a hundred denarii and is punished. The parable teaches the relationship between the forgiveness received from God and the forgiveness extended to one's neighbor.
Healing of the Deaf Man with a Speech Impediment
[Bible]The healing of the deaf man with a speech impediment is a miracle in which Jesus, in the region of the Decapolis, healed a man who could not hear and could not speak properly by saying "Ephphatha." It appears only in Mark 7:31-37.
Gentile
[Bible]In the Bible, "Gentile" refers to a people or nation other than Israel (the Jews), or to a person belonging to such a people. In the New Testament, the inclusion of Gentiles in the people of God through faith is a major theme.
The Good Shepherd
[Bible]The Good Shepherd is a figurative expression Jesus used of himself in John 10. It portrays the true leader as a shepherd who lays down his life for the sheep, in contrast to the hireling and the thief.