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Gedaliah (son of Pashur)
[People]Gedaliah was an official of Judah during the reign of King Zedekiah. In Jeremiah 38, he and other officials asked the king to put the prophet Jeremiah to death, and Jeremiah was then lowered into a muddy pit.
Edict of Cyrus
[Bible]The Edict of Cyrus was a command issued by Cyrus, king of Persia, in the first year of his reign. It permitted the people of Judah who had been carried captive to Babylon to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple, and it is recorded in 2 Chronicles and Ezra.
Talmai
[People]Talmai is the name of two men in the Old Testament. One was a descendant of Anak who lived in Hebron; the other was the king of Geshur, who was David's father-in-law and the maternal grandfather of Absalom.
Plain of Dura
[Bible]The plain of Dura is the place where Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, set up a golden image and commanded all his officials to bow down to it. It is mentioned only once in the Bible, in Daniel 3:1.
Valley of Berachah
[Bible]The Valley of Berachah is the valley where Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, assembled with his people to bless the LORD after they were delivered from a coalition of Moabites, Ammonites, and others. The Hebrew name "Berachah" means "blessing" or "praise."
Massacre of the Innocents
[Bible]The Massacre of the Innocents was the killing, ordered by King Herod, of all male children two years old and under in Bethlehem and its surrounding region in an attempt to eliminate the newborn "King of the Jews." It is recorded only in Matthew 2.
Sin of Jeroboam
[Bible]The sin of Jeroboam refers to the actions of Jeroboam, the first king of the northern kingdom of Israel, who set up golden calves at Bethel and Dan and altered the system of worship on his own authority. In the books of Kings, the expression became the standard by which the kings of the northern kingdom were evaluated.
Lemuel
[People]Lemuel is a king named in Proverbs 31 who passed on the instruction he received from his mother. He appears nowhere else in the Bible, and neither the nation he ruled nor the period in which he lived is known.
Jobab
[People]Jobab is a figure in the list of Edomite kings in Genesis 36 and 1 Chronicles 1. The son of Zerah of Bozrah, he succeeded Bela as the second king of Edom.
Adoni-bezek
[People]Adoni-bezek was a Canaanite king of Bezek who appears in Judges 1. Defeated by the tribes of Judah and Simeon, he had his thumbs and great toes cut off, and he confessed that God had repaid him for what he had done to other kings.
Gog
[People]Gog is the figure prophesied in Ezekiel 38–39 as the leader of an army that comes from the north against Israel in the last days. In Revelation 20, "Gog and Magog" serves as a name for the nations that oppose God.
Pharaoh
[People]Pharaoh is a title for the kings of ancient Egypt. Several pharaohs appear in the Bible, the best known being the king in Exodus who refused to let Israel go and suffered the ten plagues.
Rehoboam
[People]Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, inherited the united kingdom of Israel but became the first king of the southern kingdom of Judah after the ten northern tribes broke away.
Fall of Jerusalem
[Bible]The fall of Jerusalem was the event in which Jerusalem, the capital of the southern kingdom of Judah, fell to the army of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, and the temple was burned. It took place during the reign of King Zedekiah, bringing the kingdom of Judah to an end and marking the beginning of the Babylonian exile.
Star of Bethlehem
[Bible]The Star of Bethlehem is the star in Matthew 2 that the wise men from the east saw and that led them to seek the child born King of the Jews. Scripture calls it "his star."
Valley of Salt
[Bible]The Valley of Salt was a valley in the south of Judah, on the border with Edom. In the Bible it appears as the battlefield where Israel won major victories over Edom in the time of David and in the reign of Amaziah king of Judah.
Waters of Merom
[Bible]The waters of Merom are the site where, according to Joshua 11, a northern Canaanite coalition led by Jabin king of Hazor encamped and was defeated in a surprise attack by Joshua. This battle opened the way for the conquest of northern Canaan.
Field of Zophim
[Bible]The field of Zophim is a field at the top of Pisgah mentioned in Numbers 23. It was the second place to which Balak, king of Moab, brought Balaam to curse Israel, and there, too, Balaam pronounced a blessing instead of a curse.
Ethbaal
[People]Ethbaal appears in 1 Kings 16:31 as "king of the Zidonians" and was the father of Jezebel, who became the wife of Ahab, king of the northern kingdom of Israel.
Zechariah (Son of Jehoiada)
[People]Zechariah, son of the priest Jehoiada, lived during the reign of Joash, king of Judah. He rebuked the people for idolatry and, at the king's command, was stoned to death in the court of the temple (2 Chronicles 24).