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Natural Theology
[Doctrine & Theology]Natural theology is the branch of theology concerned with what can be known about God through the order of the natural world and through human reason and conscience, without relying on special revelation such as Scripture.
Cup of Wrath
[Bible]The cup of wrath is a biblical image that likens the judgment and anger God sends to a cup of wine that people must drink. It appears in the Old Testament prophets and the Psalms and carries into the New Testament in the prayer in Gethsemane and the Book of Revelation.
Hushai
[People]Hushai was a figure of David's time, called "the Archite" and "David's friend." During Absalom's rebellion he feigned allegiance to Absalom, defeated the counsel of Ahithophel, and thereby aided David.
Ittai
[People]Ittai the Gittite was a foreign commander from the Philistine city of Gath who remained with David to the end when the king fled during Absalom's rebellion. He appears in 2 Samuel as the commander of one-third of David's army.
The First and the Last
[Bible]"The First and the Last" is a biblical title expressing that God alone exists before the beginning of all things and after their end. In the Old Testament book of Isaiah it appears as the LORD's self-declaration, and in the New Testament book of Revelation it is used as a title of Christ.
Ahimaaz
[People]Ahimaaz was the son of Zadok, the priest during the reign of King David. During Absalom's rebellion he served as a messenger, carrying news from Jerusalem to David.
Ahaziah (King of Judah)
[People]Ahaziah was a king of the southern kingdom of Judah and the son of Jehoram and Athaliah. He reigned for one year and was killed along with Joram, king of the northern kingdom of Israel, when Jehu rebelled (2 Kings 9; 2 Chronicles 22).
Mesha
[People]Mesha was a king of Moab around the ninth century BC. He paid tribute to the northern kingdom of Israel but rebelled after the death of Ahab. He appears in 2 Kings 3, and his name is also preserved on an extrabiblical artifact, the Mesha Stele.
Sheba (Son of Bichri)
[People]Sheba son of Bichri was a Benjamite who appears in 2 Samuel 20. Shortly after Absalom's rebellion, he rose up against David but was killed by the inhabitants of the city of Abel-beth-maachah.
Ahithophel
[People]Ahithophel the Gilonite was a counselor to King David, an official who devised plans and gave advice to the king. He joined Absalom's rebellion, and when his counsel was not followed, he took his own life in his hometown.
Magog
[People]Magog was a grandson of Noah and a son of Japheth, named in the genealogies of Genesis and 1 Chronicles. In Ezekiel and Revelation, his name is used for a northern land and for forces opposed to God.
Chimham
[People]Chimham was the man whom the aged Barzillai sent with King David in his place when David crossed the Jordan to return to Jerusalem after Absalom's rebellion had been put down. He appears only in 2 Samuel 19.
Wise Woman of Abel
[People]The wise woman of Abel is an unnamed woman who appears in 2 Samuel 20. When Joab besieged the city of Abel Beth Maachah in pursuit of Sheba, who had rebelled against David, she negotiated with him and kept the city from being destroyed.
Gog
[People]Gog is the figure prophesied in Ezekiel 38–39 as the leader of an army that comes from the north against Israel in the last days. In Revelation 20, "Gog and Magog" serves as a name for the nations that oppose God.
Geerhardus Vos
[People]Geerhardus Vos (1862–1949) was a Dutch-born American Reformed theologian who taught biblical theology at Princeton Theological Seminary. He is regarded as having laid the foundation for a "redemptive-historical" reading of Scripture, which views revelation as unfolding progressively in history.
Scroll
[Bible]A scroll is an ancient form of book made from long strips of papyrus or animal skin joined together, written on, and stored rolled up. In Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Revelation, and elsewhere, it appears as a symbol of God's word and revelation.
Abel Beth Maacah
[Bible]Abel Beth Maacah was a city near Dan at the far northern edge of Israel. It is known as the place where Sheba, who rebelled against David, took refuge and met his end through the intervention of a wise woman of the city.
Deuteronomy 9
[Bible]Deuteronomy 9 is the chapter in which Moses declares that Israel will not possess the land of Canaan because of its own righteousness. He recalls the golden calf incident at Mount Horeb, Israel's rebellions in the wilderness, and his own intercessory prayer.
Deuteronomy 21
[Bible]Deuteronomy 21 is a chapter of laws concerning the handling of a murder whose perpetrator is unknown, the taking of a female war captive as a wife, the inheritance rights of the firstborn, the punishment of a rebellious son, and the burial of a body hanged on a tree.
2 Samuel 15
[Bible]2 Samuel 15 recounts how Absalom, having won the hearts of the people, launches a rebellion at Hebron, prompting David to flee Jerusalem. Along the way, Ittai, Zadok and Abiathar, and Hushai each aid David in different ways.