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Seven Seals, Trumpets, and Bowls
The seven seals, seven trumpets, and seven bowls are visions in Revelation 6–16 in which God's judgments unfold in three successive series of seven. Interpreters differ on how the three series relate to one another and when they occur.
Revelation 16
Revelation 16 is the chapter in which seven angels pour out, one after another, the seven bowls of God's wrath. The plagues follow in succession, kings gather at Armageddon, and the great city Babylon comes under judgment.
Four Horsemen
The Four Horsemen are the four figures, riding a white horse, a red horse, a black horse, and a pale horse, who appear in succession in Revelation 6 as the Lamb opens the first four of the seven seals.
Revelation 5
Revelation 5 is the chapter in which the slain Lamb takes the book sealed with seven seals from the hand of the One seated on the heavenly throne, and all beings in heaven and on earth praise Him.
Revelation 7
Revelation 7 is the chapter that stands between the sixth and seventh seals. It contains the scene in which the servants of God are sealed on their foreheads (the 144,000 from the tribes of Israel) and the scene in which a great multitude clothed in white, which no one can number, praises God before the throne.
Methods of Interpreting the Book of Revelation
Methods of interpreting the Book of Revelation are approaches to understanding which events, and in which era, the visions and symbols of Revelation refer to. The principal approaches are preterism, historicism, futurism, and idealism.
Seven Trumpets
The seven trumpets are the trumpets blown in succession by seven angels in Revelation 8–11, together with the plagues and events that follow each one. They form the second set of seven judgments, placed between the seven seals and the seven bowls.
Seven Bowls
The seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God that seven angels pour out in succession upon the earth, the sea, the rivers, the sun, the throne of the beast, the river Euphrates, and the air in Revelation 15–16, together with the plagues they bring.
Revelation 17
Revelation 17 is the chapter in which one of the angels with the seven bowls shows John the "great whore" riding a scarlet beast and explains the meaning of the woman, the beast, the seven heads, and the ten horns.
Revelation 15
Revelation 15 is the chapter in which seven angels appear holding the seven last plagues. Beside the sea of glass, those who have overcome the beast sing the song of Moses and the song of the Lamb, and the seven angels receive golden bowls filled with the wrath of God.
Revelation 14
Revelation 14 is the chapter of Revelation that presents the Lamb standing on Mount Zion with the 144,000, the proclamations of the three angels, the blessing on those who die in the Lord, and two harvest visions: the reaping of grain and the gathering of grapes.
Mendicant Orders
The mendicant orders are a type of Catholic religious order that arose in thirteenth-century Western Europe. The term refers to orders such as the Franciscans and Dominicans, which held no corporate property, lived on the offerings and alms of the faithful, and preached as they traveled from town to town.
Esau
Esau is the firstborn son of Isaac and Rebekah in the Book of Genesis and the elder twin brother of Jacob. He is best known for selling his birthright for a bowl of pottage, and Scripture records him as the ancestor of the Edomites.
Genesis 25
Genesis 25 records the death of Abraham and the descendants of Keturah and Ishmael. It then recounts the birth of the twins Esau and Jacob to Isaac and Rebekah and tells how Esau sold his birthright for a bowl of pottage.
Birthright
The birthright is the firstborn son's right of precedence in inheritance and in representing the family, passed down from his father. It is best known from Genesis, where Esau sold his birthright to his younger brother Jacob for a bowl of stew.
Exodus 9
Exodus 9 records the fifth (the plague on livestock), sixth (boils), and seventh (hail) of the ten plagues. Pharaoh confesses his wrongdoing, yet once the hail stops he hardens his heart again.
Job 2
Job 2 is the chapter in which Job, struck with painful boils over his entire body in a second trial, still does not sin with his lips, and in which his three friends come and sit with him in silence for seven days.
Job 2:10
In this verse Job answers his wife, who has urged him in his suffering to curse God, with the words "shall we receive good at the hand of God, and shall we not receive evil?" The verse is often cited in discussions of faith amid suffering. Interpreters debate how Job's wife should be assessed and what the phrase "with his lips" means.
2 Chronicles 21
2 Chronicles 21 recounts the eight-year reign of Jehoram, king of Judah. After Jehoram kills his brothers and follows the way of Ahab, he receives a letter of warning from Elijah. Following the revolts of Edom and Libnah and invasions by foreign enemies, he dies of a disease of the bowels.
Religious Persecution in the Soviet Union
Religious persecution in the Soviet Union refers to the suppression of churches and believers by the Soviet regime after the Russian Revolution of 1917. The regime made atheism its state ideology and restricted religious activity through laws, administrative measures, propaganda, and arrests.