Gift of Prophecy

Definition and Meaning

The gift of prophecy is one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit and refers to the ability to receive God's will or word and convey it to others. It is mentioned in 1 Corinthians 12:10 and Romans 12:6. In this context, "prophecy" does not mean only foretelling future events. It carries the broader sense of delivering a message entrusted by God.

What counts as prophecy varies by denomination and theological tradition. One view regards preaching that expounds Scripture as the present-day form of prophecy. Another understands it as words of revelation (God's will made known) given by the Holy Spirit as particular occasions arise.

Biblical and Historical Background

In the Old Testament, the prophets delivered God's word to the people. Peter explained the outpouring of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost as the fulfillment of Joel's prophecy (Acts 2:16–21). The New Testament mentions people who prophesied, such as Agabus (Acts 11:28) and the four daughters of Philip (Acts 21:9). Paul taught that prophecy edifies, exhorts, and comforts (1 Corinthians 14:1–5). He also taught that prophecy must be judged by others (1 Corinthians 14:29).

Montanism, which arose in the second century, promoted a "New Prophecy" but was rejected by most of the church of its day. Chapter 1 of the Westminster Confession of Faith confesses that the former ways by which God revealed His will have now ceased. In the twentieth century, Pentecostalism and the charismatic movement emphasized that the gift of prophecy is still given today.

Practice in Korean Churches

• Presbyterian: Many Presbyterian churches in the Reformed tradition hold that prophecy in the sense of new revelation ceased with the completion of Scripture. They therefore understand prophecy as the faithful exposition and proclamation of Scripture (see cessationism and continuationism).
• Full Gospel churches: Bodies such as the Korea Assemblies of God hold that the gift of prophecy is still present today. They teach, however, that prophecy must not contradict Scripture and must be subject to discernment within the church.
• Methodist, Holiness, and others: Both views are found, depending on the congregation and pastor.

At prayer retreat centers and some revival meetings, a practice known as "prophetic prayer" is sometimes carried out, in which individuals are told about their careers, marriages, or businesses. Critics argue that this is no different from fortune-telling, while defenders maintain that it strengthens believers' faith.

The New Apostolic Reformation claims that the offices of apostle and prophet have been restored in the present day. Several Presbyterian general assemblies are reported to have passed resolutions warning against, or prohibiting participation in, the movement's prophetic ministries and related activities.