Philippians 4:19

Context

Philippians 4:10–20 is a passage of thanks for the gift the Philippian church sent to Paul. Paul calls what the believers sent by Epaphroditus "an odour of a sweet smell, a sacrifice acceptable" (4:18), and then in verse 19 says that God will supply the needs of those who shared in this way. The promise, then, is addressed to a community that gave for the sake of mission even in the midst of poverty. Just before this, Paul states that he has learned to be content in whatever circumstances he finds himself (4:11–13).

Interpretation

• Read as a promise of provision: This view holds that the verse expresses a general truth that God knows and meets the needs of His people. It is cited, together with the words of Matthew 6, "But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness," as a basis for trust in God's providence.
• Read as a response to generosity: Because in context the promise is addressed to those who gave for the gospel, this view holds that it illustrates a principle of reciprocity in which God cares for the needs of those who give.
• The scope of "need": The word translated "need" (Greek chreia) denotes necessity, and the common interpretation is that it refers not to everything one desires but to what is needed to live and to carry out one's calling. Some, pointing to the phrase "by Christ Jesus," hold that it includes spiritual as well as material needs.

Debates and Issues

When this verse is preached to mean that giving an offering will be repaid with greater material wealth, critics of prosperity theology point out that the context concerns contentment and gratitude and that Paul himself experienced want. On the other hand, some hold that it is in itself biblical for those who give to God to expect His provision. The difference lies in whether the promise is understood as "provision for need" or as "material reward."

In the Korean Church

The verse is frequently read at services commissioning missionaries, at dedication services for new church plants, and during pastoral visits to places of business. It is also widely used as a New Year's motto and on framed Scripture plaques in homes.

Related Passages

• Philippians 4:11–13
• 2 Corinthians 9:8
• Matthew 6:31–33
• Psalm 23:1