Results for “Monastery”

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• Encyclopedia 22

Articles 22, showing 20

• Carthusian OrderHistory

  The Carthusian Order is an enclosed Catholic religious order founded in 1084 by Bruno of Cologne in the Chartreuse Mountains of the French Alps. It is distinguished by its combination of eremitic life, in which each monk prays alone and in silence in his own cell, with communal worship.

• John ClimacusPeople

  John Climacus was a sixth- and seventh-century monk of Mount Sinai and abbot of its monastery. He wrote the spiritual classic The Ladder of Divine Ascent, which describes the path of faith as a ladder of thirty steps.

• Rule of Saint BenedictHistory

  The Rule of Saint Benedict is a rule for monastic life written in the sixth century by Benedict of Nursia at the monastery of Monte Cassino. It addresses prayer and work, obedience, and communal life, and from the Middle Ages onward it became the foundational rule of Western monasticism.

• Codex SinaiticusBible

  Codex Sinaiticus is a fourth-century Greek manuscript of the Bible. It was discovered at Saint Catherine's Monastery at Mount Sinai and is known as the oldest surviving manuscript that contains the complete New Testament.

• Benedict of NursiaPeople

  Benedict of Nursia (c. 480 – c. 547) was an Italian monk. He founded the monastery of Monte Cassino and wrote the Rule of Saint Benedict, laying the foundation of monasticism in the Western church.

• ColumbaPeople

  Columba (c. 521–597) was an Irish monk and missionary. He founded a monastery on the island of Iona off the west coast of Scotland and, using it as his base, spread Christianity in Scotland and northern England.

• Constantin von TischendorfPeople

  Constantin von Tischendorf (1815–1874) was a nineteenth-century German textual critic of the New Testament. At St. Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai he found the Codex Sinaiticus, a fourth-century Greek manuscript of the Bible, and made it known to the world.

• EutychesPeople

  Eutyches (c. 380–after 454) was an archimandrite (abbot) in Constantinople. He taught that in Christ the divine and human natures were united into a single nature, and he was condemned at the Council of Chalcedon in 451.

• Thomas AquinasPeople

  Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225–1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and the leading theologian of medieval Scholasticism. He wrote the Summa Theologiae and is venerated in the Catholic Church as a saint and Doctor of the Church.

• BonifacePeople

  Boniface (c. 675–754) was an English Benedictine monk and Archbishop of Mainz. A missionary who brought Christianity to the Germanic lands in the eighth century, he is known as the "Apostle of the Germans."

• BedePeople

  Bede (672/673–735) was a monk, priest, and scholar of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria in England. He wrote the *Ecclesiastical History of the English People*, which records how the Anglo-Saxons came to accept Christianity, and for this work he is called the "Father of English History."

• ErasmusPeople

  Erasmus (c. 1466–1536) was a Dutch Catholic priest and humanist scholar. In 1516 he produced the first printed Greek New Testament to be published and circulated, a work that profoundly influenced the Reformation and Bible translation.

• Gregory IPeople

  Gregory I (c. 540–604) was bishop of Rome (pope) from 590 to 604. He is regarded as one of the leading Fathers of the Western Church and is also known as Gregory the Great.

• Bernard of ClairvauxPeople

  Bernard of Clairvaux (c. 1090–1153) was a twelfth-century French abbot and theologian. He played a central role in the growth of the Cistercian Order, and through his preaching and spiritual writings he exerted great influence on the medieval Western church.

• HesychasmDoctrine & Theology

  Hesychasm, from the Greek hesychia, meaning "stillness," is a spirituality of prayer in the monastic tradition of the Eastern Orthodox Church that seeks union with God by stilling the heart and ceaselessly repeating the Jesus Prayer.

• CisterciansHistory

  The Cistercians are a Catholic religious order founded in 1098 at Cîteaux, France. The order arose from a monastic reform movement that sought to observe the Rule of Saint Benedict more strictly.

• Gothic ArchitectureDoctrine & Theology

  Gothic architecture is a style that originated in France in the mid-twelfth century and became the defining style of European cathedral architecture in the late Middle Ages. It is characterized by pointed arches, high vaults, and large stained-glass windows.

• Cluniac ReformsHistory

  The Cluniac Reforms were a monastic renewal movement that spread across Western Europe in the tenth and eleventh centuries, centered on the Abbey of Cluny, founded in 910 in Burgundy, France. The movement emphasized independence from secular power and strict observance of the Rule of Saint Benedict.

• RomanesqueDoctrine & Theology

  Romanesque is a style of church architecture that flourished in Western Europe from the late tenth century to around the twelfth century. Characterized by round arches, thick walls, and small windows, it preceded the Gothic style.