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Bivocational Ministry
[Organization & Polity]Bivocational ministry refers to pastors and other ministers holding an outside occupation alongside their pastoral work. Denominations differ on whether and under what conditions it is permitted, as they weigh ministers' need for a livelihood against full-time devotion to ministry.
New Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Gaejeong)
[Bible]The New Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Gaejeong) is a Korean translation of the Bible published by the Korean Bible Society in 1998 as a revision of the Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Hangeul). Today most Korean Protestant denominations use it as their Bible for worship.
World Evangelization Mission Association
[Heresies & Cults]The World Evangelization Mission Association is an evangelistic movement led by Ryu Kwang-su and is also known as the "Darakbang (Upper Room) Evangelism Movement." Beginning in the mid-1990s, a number of Korean Protestant denominations designated it as heretical or pseudo-Christian. Controversy arose in 2013 when the Christian Council of Korea lifted its heresy designation.
1 Timothy
[Bible]1 Timothy is the fifteenth book of the New Testament. Traditionally regarded as a letter from the apostle Paul to his disciple Timothy in Ephesus concerning the care of the church, it is grouped with 2 Timothy and Titus as one of the Pastoral Epistles.
Second Epistle to Timothy
[Bible]The Second Epistle to Timothy is a book of the New Testament, traditionally understood as a letter written by the apostle Paul from prison to his disciple Timothy. Together with First Timothy and Titus, it is known as one of the Pastoral Epistles.
Military Chaplain (Protestant)
[Church Offices]A military chaplain is a pastor who serves within the armed forces, overseeing the religious life of service members and providing counseling. In South Korea, the term refers specifically to a Protestant pastor commissioned as a chaplain officer.
Commissioner (Church Delegate)
[Organization & Polity]A commissioner is a delegate sent by a lower church assembly, such as a session, presbytery, or district conference, to represent it at a higher assembly, such as a presbytery or general assembly. The term is used mainly in Presbyterian churches; other denominations use terms such as "delegate" or "representative."
Institutional Pastor
[Church Offices]An institutional pastor is a minister who does not serve a local church but instead works in a Christian institution such as a denominational headquarters, school, hospital, media organization, or mission agency. The title is used chiefly in the constitutions of Presbyterian denominations.
Park Hyung-ryong
[People]Park Hyung-ryong (1897–1978) was a Korean Presbyterian theologian whose pen name was Juksan. Beginning as a professor at the Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Pyongyang, he taught theology for nearly half a century and is regarded as the figure who laid the foundations of conservative Presbyterian theology in Korea.
Billy Graham
[People]Billy Graham (1918–2018) was an American Southern Baptist minister and mass evangelist. He is regarded as a leading representative of twentieth-century evangelicalism. His 1973 crusade on Yeouido in Seoul also had a significant impact on Korean Protestantism.
Romans 8:1–2
[Bible Verses]The declaration that there is "no condemnation" for those who are in Christ Jesus. Cherished as a classic text on the assurance of justification, it raises the question of whether freedom from condemnation is purely a forensic declaration or also includes the transformation of life.
Philippians 4:19
[Bible Verses]"But my God shall supply all your need" is a promise of the apostle Paul. Cherished as a verse of comfort about God as provider, it has also been criticized for being used, contrary to its context, to speak of offerings and material blessing.
Matthew 7:13–14
[Bible Verses]A saying of Jesus contrasting the wide gate that leads to destruction with the narrow gate that leads to life. It is read as a warning that the path of discipleship is not easy, and it frequently appears in discussions about the number of the saved and the exclusivity of salvation.
Genesis 22:2
[Bible Verses]Genesis 22:2 records God's command to Abraham to offer his beloved only son Isaac as a burnt offering in the land of Moriah. The verse is read as the height of faith and obedience, and it has long been debated for the ethical implications of God commanding the sacrifice of a human being.
1 Samuel 16:7
[Bible Verses]1 Samuel 16:7 records the words God spoke to Samuel before David was anointed king: "For the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart." The verse is widely cited as a lesson against judging people by their appearance or circumstances.
Job
[People]Job is the central figure of the Book of Job, a righteous man who lived in the land of Uz. Amid suffering that cost him his possessions, his children, and his health, he lamented and protested before God; after encountering God, he was restored. The New Testament cites him as an example of patience.
Priscilla and Aquila
[People]Priscilla (Prisca) and Aquila were a Jewish Christian married couple in the New Testament who worked as tentmakers alongside Paul and opened their home as a meeting place for the church.
Timothy
[People]Timothy was one of Paul's foremost coworkers. A native of Lystra, he accompanied Paul on his missionary journeys, and the New Testament letters 1 Timothy and 2 Timothy are presented as addressed to him.
1 Thessalonians 5:1–11
[Bible Verses]A passage in which Paul urges believers, since the day of the Lord comes "as a thief in the night," to live watchfully and soberly as children of light rather than speculating about its timing. It is frequently cited and debated in discussions of the timing of the Second Coming and of the relationship between the Rapture and the Great Tribulation.
Acts 28:3–6
[Bible Verses]Acts 28:3–6 recounts how Paul was bitten by a viper on the island of Melita yet suffered no harm, so that the islanders' judgment of him shifted from "murderer" to "god." The passage is read as a demonstration of God's providence and protection and is frequently discussed in connection with the sign described in Mark 16:18.