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Genesis 43
[Bible]Genesis 43 is the chapter in which, as the famine continues, Jacob's sons take Benjamin with them on a second journey down to Egypt and are entertained in Joseph's house.
William D. Reynolds
[People]William Davis Reynolds (1867–1951), known in Korea as Yi Nul-seo, was an American missionary sent by the Presbyterian Church in the United States (Southern Presbyterian Church). He took part in translating the Bible into Korean for forty-three years and taught systematic theology at Pyongyang Presbyterian Theological Seminary.
Elisabeth Johanna Shepping
[People]Elisabeth Johanna Shepping (1880–1934), known in Korea as Seo Seo-pyeong (徐舒平), was a German-born American nurse missionary of the Southern Presbyterian Church (Presbyterian Church in the United States). She arrived in Korea in 1912 and carried out medical work, women's education, and relief for the poor, primarily in Gwangju.
Cell Church
[History]The cell church is a model of ministry that understands the church as a network of small groups, or cells, that grow and multiply on their own. The term also refers to a movement that spread in South Korea from the late 1990s. This article also covers G12, one branch of the cell church movement.
Papal States
[History]The Papal States were the territories in central Italy that the pope ruled directly as a temporal sovereign from 756 to 1870. They are regarded as the predecessor of present-day Vatican City, which was established by the Lateran Treaty of 1929.
Psalm 4
[Bible]Psalm 4 is an eight-verse prayer psalm whose superscription identifies it as a psalm of David. The psalmist asks God to answer him in distress, rebukes those who pursue vain things, and closes with trust in the LORD that allows him to lie down and sleep in peace.
Jeremiah 43
[Bible]Jeremiah 43 records how Johanan and the remnant of Judah rejected Jeremiah's warning as false and went down to Tahpanhes in Egypt, taking Jeremiah and Baruch with them. There Jeremiah buried large stones as a symbolic act, prophesying that Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, would invade Egypt.
Hosea 11
[Bible]Hosea 11 portrays God's love through the image of a father who raised Israel as a young son. Though Israel turns away, God confesses a compassion that cannot finally abandon them: "How shall I give thee up?"
Laity
[Church Offices]The laity are the ordinary members of a church, as distinct from clergy such as pastors and evangelists. In Korean Protestant churches, officers such as elders, kwonsa, and deacons are usually counted among the laity as well.
Church Dedication
[Worship & Rites]A church dedication is a service in which a newly built church building is offered to God as a place of worship. In Korean Protestant churches, it is usually held after all construction debt has been paid off.
Bivocational Ministry
[Organization & Polity]Bivocational ministry refers to pastors and other ministers holding an outside occupation alongside their pastoral work. Denominations differ on whether and under what conditions it is permitted, as they weigh ministers' need for a livelihood against full-time devotion to ministry.
New Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Gaejeong)
[Bible]The New Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Gaejeong) is a Korean translation of the Bible published by the Korean Bible Society in 1998 as a revision of the Korean Revised Version (Gaeyeok Hangeul). Today most Korean Protestant denominations use it as their Bible for worship.
World Evangelization Mission Association
[Heresies & Cults]The World Evangelization Mission Association is an evangelistic movement led by Ryu Kwang-su and is also known as the "Darakbang (Upper Room) Evangelism Movement." Beginning in the mid-1990s, a number of Korean Protestant denominations designated it as heretical or pseudo-Christian. Controversy arose in 2013 when the Christian Council of Korea lifted its heresy designation.
Military Chaplain (Protestant)
[Church Offices]A military chaplain is a pastor who serves within the armed forces, overseeing the religious life of service members and providing counseling. In South Korea, the term refers specifically to a Protestant pastor commissioned as a chaplain officer.
Commissioner (Church Delegate)
[Organization & Polity]A commissioner is a delegate sent by a lower church assembly, such as a session, presbytery, or district conference, to represent it at a higher assembly, such as a presbytery or general assembly. The term is used mainly in Presbyterian churches; other denominations use terms such as "delegate" or "representative."
Institutional Pastor
[Church Offices]An institutional pastor is a minister who does not serve a local church but instead works in a Christian institution such as a denominational headquarters, school, hospital, media organization, or mission agency. The title is used chiefly in the constitutions of Presbyterian denominations.
Park Hyung-ryong
[People]Park Hyung-ryong (1897–1978) was a Korean Presbyterian theologian whose pen name was Juksan. Beginning as a professor at the Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Pyongyang, he taught theology for nearly half a century and is regarded as the figure who laid the foundations of conservative Presbyterian theology in Korea.
Billy Graham
[People]Billy Graham (1918–2018) was an American Southern Baptist minister and mass evangelist. He is regarded as a leading representative of twentieth-century evangelicalism. His 1973 crusade on Yeouido in Seoul also had a significant impact on Korean Protestantism.
Philippians 4:19
[Bible Verses]"But my God shall supply all your need" is a promise of the apostle Paul. Cherished as a verse of comfort about God as provider, it has also been criticized for being used, contrary to its context, to speak of offerings and material blessing.
Matthew 7:13–14
[Bible Verses]A saying of Jesus contrasting the wide gate that leads to destruction with the narrow gate that leads to life. It is read as a warning that the path of discipleship is not easy, and it frequently appears in discussions about the number of the saved and the exclusivity of salvation.