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People in the Bible and figures of church history · Articles: 409 (1,278 in the whole category)

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A. W. TozerA. W. Tozer (1897–1963) was an American pastor and author in the Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA). He is widely known for books emphasizing a…
Aaron ben AsherAaron ben Asher was a Jewish Masorete active in Tiberias in Galilee during the first half of the tenth century. The last representative of the Ben As…
AbishaiAbishai was the son of Zeruiah, David's sister, and the brother of Joab and Asahel. One of David's military commanders and mighty men, he took part i…
Abraham KuyperAbraham Kuyper (1837–1920) was a Dutch Reformed theologian, journalist, and statesman who founded the Free University of Amsterdam and served as Prim…
Ada Cecelia PfautzAda Cecelia Pfautz (1899–1987) was the wife of A. W. Tozer, an American pastor and author in the Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA). She marrie…
Adad-guppiAdad-guppi (7th–6th centuries BC) was the mother of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. She is said to have served the moon god Sî…
Adolf von HarnackAdolf von Harnack (1851–1930) was a German Protestant theologian and church historian. The author of the *History of Dogma* and *What Is Christianity…
Adoniram JudsonAdoniram Judson (1788–1850) was an American Baptist missionary. Working in Burma (present-day Myanmar) for nearly forty years beginning in 1813, he p…
Ahn Byung-muAhn Byung-mu (1922–1996) was a Korean New Testament scholar and a leading founder of Minjung theology. He is known for interpreting the "crowd" (ochl…
Ahn ChanghoAhn Changho (安昌浩, 1878–1938), known by his pen name Dosan (島山), was a Korean independence activist and educator during the period of Japanese co…
Ahn Ei-sookAhn Ei-sook (1908–1997) was a Korean Protestant who was imprisoned for about six years during the Japanese colonial period for refusing Shinto shrine…
Aimee Semple McPhersonAimee Semple McPherson (1890–1944) was a Canadian-born Pentecostal evangelist and early radio preacher who ministered in the United States. She found…
Albert SchweitzerAlbert Schweitzer (1875–1965) was an Alsatian theologian, philosopher, organist, and physician. His The Quest of the Historical Jesus left a major ma…
Albrecht RitschlAlbrecht Ritschl (1822–1889) was a German Lutheran theologian who taught at Bonn and Göttingen. He built a theological system centered on justificati…
Alexander Van AlstyneAlexander Van Alstyne (1831–1902) was a blind American musician and teacher of the nineteenth century. He is known chiefly as the husband of the hymn…
Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great (356–323 BC) was a king of ancient Macedonia who overthrew the Persian Empire and built an empire stretching from Greece to the I…
Alice Rebecca AppenzellerAlice Rebecca Appenzeller (1885–1950) was an American Methodist missionary and educator. The daughter of Henry Appenzeller, she was born in Seoul and…
Alvin PlantingaAlvin Plantinga (born 1932) is an American analytic philosopher. A leading figure in "Reformed epistemology," which defends the rationality of belief…
AmbroseAmbrose (c. 339–397) was a fourth-century bishop of Milan and one of the leading Fathers of the Western Church. He defended the Nicene faith against …
Amy CarmichaelAmy Carmichael (1867–1951) was an Irish missionary. She served in South India for fifty-five years, founded the Dohnavur Fellowship, and is known for…
Anders NygrenAnders Nygren (1890–1978) was a Swedish Lutheran theologian and bishop. In *Agape and Eros* he offered a systematic account of the Christian concept …
Andrew Kim TaegonAndrew Kim Taegon (1821–1846) was a Catholic priest of the late Joseon period in Korea. In 1845 he became the first Korean to be ordained a Catholic …
Ann Hasseltine JudsonAnn Hasseltine Judson (1789–1826) was an American Baptist missionary. She served alongside her husband, Adoniram Judson, in Burma (present-day Myanma…
Anna AdlischwylerAnna Adlischwyler (d. 1564) was a sixteenth-century woman of Zurich, Switzerland. A former nun of the Oetenbach convent, she married the reformer Hei…
Anna NitschmannAnna Nitschmann (1715–1760) was an eighteenth-century woman leader of the Moravian Church. Chosen as an eldress of the Herrnhut community before the …
Anna ReinhartAnna Reinhart (c. 1484–1538) was a native of Zurich, Switzerland, and the wife of the Reformer Ulrich Zwingli. Her marriage to Zwingli, made public i…
Anne (Mother of Mary)Anne is known from the second-century apocryphal Protoevangelium of James as the wife of Joachim and the mother of Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ. …
Annie BairdAnnie Baird (1864–1916) was an American woman missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian), known in Korea as An Ae-ri…
Anselm of CanterburyAnselm (c. 1033–1109) was a theologian of the medieval Western Church and Archbishop of Canterbury. He is known for his method of "faith seeking unde…
Anthony of EgyptAnthony of Egypt (c. 251–356) was an early church hermit who lived a solitary monastic life in the Egyptian desert. He is often called the "Father of…
Antiochus IV EpiphanesAntiochus IV Epiphanes was king of the Seleucid Empire from 175 to 164 BC. He defiled the Jerusalem temple and persecuted Judaism, provoking the Macc…
Arthur PiersonArthur Pierson (1837–1911) was an American Presbyterian minister, Bible teacher, and missions advocate. During a 1910 visit to Korea, he promised to …
AthanasiusAthanasius (c. 296 or 298–373) was a fourth-century bishop of Alexandria. He defended the full divinity of the Son against Arianism and is known as t…
August Hermann FranckeAugust Hermann Francke (1663–1727) was a German Lutheran pastor, theologian, and educator. He led Halle Pietism and founded an orphanage and several …
Augustine of HippoAugustine (354–430) was bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa and one of the foremost Church Fathers of the Western church. His teaching on grace an…
AugustusAugustus (63 BC–AD 14) was the first emperor of the Roman Empire. He appears in Luke 2:1 as "Caesar Augustus," who issued the decree for the census, …

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B. B. WarfieldB. B. Warfield (1851–1921) was an American Presbyterian theologian. He taught at Princeton Theological Seminary for thirty-four years and is a leadin…
Bang Ji-ilBang Ji-il (1911–2014) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap). Beginning in 1937, he served for twenty-one years as a missionar…
BasilidesBasilides was a Christian Gnostic teacher who taught in Alexandria, Egypt, in the first half of the second century. The Church Fathers treated him as…
BedeBede (672/673–735) was a monk, priest, and scholar of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria in England. He wrote the *Ecclesiastical History of the …
Benedict XVIBenedict XVI (1927–2022), born Joseph Ratzinger, was a German-born prelate who served as the 265th pope of the Roman Catholic Church (2005–2013). Kno…
Benedict of NursiaBenedict of Nursia (c. 480 – c. 547) was an Italian monk. He founded the monastery of Monte Cassino and wrote the Rule of Saint Benedict, laying the …
Bernard of ClairvauxBernard of Clairvaux (c. 1090–1153) was a twelfth-century French abbot and theologian. He played a central role in the growth of the Cistercian Order…
Bill BrightBill Bright (1921–2003) was an American evangelist who founded the student ministry Campus Crusade for Christ (CCC) in 1951. He also wrote the evange…
Billy GrahamBilly Graham (1918–2018) was an American Southern Baptist minister and mass evangelist. He is regarded as a leading representative of twentieth-centu…
Billy SundayBilly Sunday (1862–1935) was an American revivalist and former professional baseball player. A Presbyterian minister, he is known for holding large-s…
Blaise PascalBlaise Pascal (1623–1662) was a French mathematician, scientist, and Catholic religious writer. He sided with the Jansenists and criticized the Jesui…
Bob PierceBob Pierce (1914–1978) was an American Baptist minister and evangelist. During the Korean War he founded World Vision (known in Korea as Sunmyunghoe)…
BonaventureBonaventure (1217 or c. 1221–1274) was a medieval Italian Scholastic theologian who served as Minister General of the Franciscan Order and as a cardi…
BonifaceBoniface (c. 675–754) was an English Benedictine monk and Archbishop of Mainz. A missionary who brought Christianity to the Germanic lands in the eig…
Brother AndrewBrother Andrew (1928–2022) was a Dutch lay missionary. Known as "God's Smuggler" for secretly carrying Bibles into Communist countries during the Col…
Brother LawrenceBrother Lawrence, born Nicolas Herman, was a seventeenth-century French lay brother of the Discalced Carmelites. He taught that one should remain con…

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C. Peter WagnerC. Peter Wagner (1930–2016) was an American missionary and missiologist. He taught church growth at Fuller Theological Seminary and later championed …
C. S. LewisC. S. Lewis (1898–1963) was a British scholar of English literature, an author, and a lay member of the Church of England. Widely known for Mere Chri…
C. T. StuddC. T. Studd (1860–1931) was a British missionary and former England international cricketer. As one of the Cambridge Seven, he went to China, later s…
Calvin Ellis StoweCalvin Ellis Stowe (1802–1886) was an American biblical scholar and seminary professor. He worked to expand public education and was the husband of H…
Catherine BoothCatherine Booth (1829–1890) was a nineteenth-century English preacher. With her husband, William Booth, she founded The Salvation Army, and she is kn…
Catherine of SienaCatherine of Siena (1347–1380) was a fourteenth-century Italian mystic and Dominican tertiary. Through her letters to popes and her work as a mediato…
Chang Kee-ryoChang Kee-ryo (1911–1995) was a Korean surgeon and Christian social worker. He served as the first director of Gospel Hospital in Busan, and in 1968 …
CharlemagneCharlemagne (born 742 or c. 747–748; died 814) was king of the Franks. On Christmas Day 800 he was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III, and he is regarde…
Charles FinneyCharles Finney (1792–1875) was an American Presbyterian and Congregationalist minister and revivalist. He is regarded as a leading figure of the Seco…
Charles HodgeCharles Hodge (1797–1878) was an American Presbyterian theologian. He taught at Princeton Theological Seminary for more than half a century and wrote…
Charles ParhamCharles Fox Parham (1873–1929) was an American preacher and itinerant evangelist. As the first to systematize speaking in tongues as the evidence of …
Charles SimeonCharles Simeon (1759–1836) was an evangelical priest of the Church of England. He ministered at Holy Trinity Church, Cambridge, for fifty-four years,…
Charles SpurgeonCharles Spurgeon (1834–1892) was an English Baptist minister. He pastored the Metropolitan Tabernacle in London for thirty-eight years and is known a…
Charles WesleyCharles Wesley (1707–1788) was a priest of the Church of England and a hymn writer. With his elder brother John Wesley, he led the Methodist movement…
Cho Man-sikCho Man-sik (曺晩植, 1883–1950), known by the pen name Kodang (古堂), was a Korean independence activist, educator, politician, and Presbyterian chur…
Choi Byung-hunChoi Byung-hun (1858–1927) was a Korean Methodist minister and theologian active during the Korean Empire and the Japanese colonial period. His pen n…
Choi Heung-jongChoi Heung-jong (崔興宗, 1880–1966) was a Presbyterian minister and independence activist from Gwangju, Korea. He devoted his life to caring for peop…
Choi Ja-shilChoi Ja-shil (1915–1989) was a Korean Pentecostal woman minister. In 1958, together with David Yonggi Cho, who later became her son-in-law, she found…
Choi Tae-yongChoi Tae-yong (崔泰瑢, 1897–1950) was a Korean Protestant minister during the Japanese colonial period. Beginning in the Non-Church movement, he foun…
Choi Young-wookChoi Young-wook (1891–1950) was a Christian physician active in Gwangju, Korea. He worked as a physician at the Gwangju Jejungwon and served as presi…
Chung Kyung-okChung Kyung-ok (1903–1945) was a Korean Methodist minister and theologian during the Japanese colonial period. He taught systematic theology at the M…
Chŏn Tŏk-kiChŏn Tŏk-ki (1875–1914) was a Methodist minister who led Sangdong Church in Seoul during the Korean Empire period. He was also a nationalist activist…
Clement OwenClement Owen (1867–1909) was an ordained minister and medical missionary sent to Korea by the Southern Presbyterian Church in the United States. Know…
Clement of AlexandriaClement of Alexandria (c. 150–c. 215) was an early church father and theologian active in Alexandria. He is regarded as a leading figure of the Alexa…
Clement of RomeClement of Rome was a leader of the church in Rome in the late first century and an Apostolic Father, known as the author of a letter to the church i…
ColumbaColumba (c. 521–597) was an Irish monk and missionary. He founded a monastery on the island of Iona off the west coast of Scotland and, using it as h…
Constantin von TischendorfConstantin von Tischendorf (1815–1874) was a nineteenth-century German textual critic of the New Testament. At St. Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sin…
Constantine IConstantine I (c. 272–337) was the Roman emperor who legalized Christianity and convened the Council of Nicaea. During his reign the church changed f…
Coretta Scott KingCoretta Scott King (1927–2006) was an American civil rights activist and singer and the wife of Martin Luther King Jr. After her husband's assassinat…
Cornelius Van TilCornelius Van Til was a Dutch-born American Reformed theologian. He taught apologetics for many years at Westminster Theological Seminary and is know…
Corrie ten BoomCorrie ten Boom (1892–1983) was a Dutch Reformed Christian and watchmaker. During World War II she and her family hid Jews, and she was imprisoned in…
CyprianCyprian (c. 200–258) was a third-century bishop of Carthage in North Africa and a martyr. His writings on readmitting to the church those who had ren…
Cyril of AlexandriaCyril of Alexandria (c. 376–444) was a fifth-century bishop of Alexandria and Church Father who opposed Nestorius at the Council of Ephesus in 431 an…

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David BoschDavid Jacobus Bosch (1929–1992) was a South African missiologist. He is best known for Transforming Mission (1991), which traces how missionary thoug…
David LivingstoneDavid Livingstone (1813–1873) was a Scottish Congregationalist medical missionary and explorer. Serving with the London Missionary Society, he explor…
David WilkersonDavid Wilkerson (1931–2011) was an American Pentecostal minister and evangelist. He founded Teen Challenge, a drug-addiction recovery ministry, and T…
David Yonggi ChoDavid Yonggi Cho (1936–2021) was a Pentecostal pastor. He founded Yoido Full Gospel Church, which began in 1958 as a tent church in Daejo-dong, Seoul…
Dawson TrotmanDawson Trotman (1906–1956) was an American evangelist. In 1933 he founded The Navigators, and he popularized an approach to discipleship centered on …
Desmond TutuDesmond Tutu (1931–2021) was a South African Anglican archbishop. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984 for his opposition to apartheid, the syst…
Dietrich BonhoefferDietrich Bonhoeffer (1906–1945) was a German Lutheran pastor and theologian who took part in the Confessing Church movement in opposition to the Nazi…
DominicDominic (c. 1170–1221) was a Catholic priest from Castile who founded the Order of Preachers, known as the Dominican Order, which received papal appr…
DomitianDomitian (51–96) was a Roman emperor of the first century. In Christian tradition he is known as the emperor who exiled the apostle John to the islan…
Donald McGavranDonald Anderson McGavran (1897–1990) was an American missionary to India and a missiologist. He is known as the founder of church growth studies and …
Dorothy L. SayersDorothy L. Sayers (1893–1957) was an English detective novelist, playwright, translator, and Anglican lay Christian writer. She wrote *The Man Born t…
Dwight L. MoodyDwight Lyman Moody (1837–1899) was an American lay revival preacher. He led mass evangelistic campaigns in major cities, founded educational institut…

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Edith SchaefferEdith Schaeffer (1914–2013) was an American missionary and Christian author. With her husband, Francis Schaeffer, she founded the L'Abri community in…
Edward MoteEdward Mote (1797–1874) was an English Baptist minister and hymn writer, best known as the author of the hymn "My Hope Is Built on Nothing Less," whi…
Elisabeth ElliotElisabeth Elliot (1926–2015) was an American Protestant missionary and Christian author. After her husband, Jim Elliot, was killed in Ecuador, she we…
Elisabeth Johanna SheppingElisabeth Johanna Shepping (1880–1934), known in Korea as Seo Seo-pyeong (徐舒平), was a German-born American nurse missionary of the Southern Presby…
Ella Dodge AppenzellerElla Dodge Appenzeller (1854–c. 1915) was the wife of Henry Appenzeller, a missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church (the Northern Methodist churc…
Ellen G. WhiteEllen G. White (1827–1915) was an American religious leader and author and a co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Adventists recognize her…
Emil BrunnerEmil Brunner (1889–1966) was a Swiss Reformed theologian. With Karl Barth he was a leader of dialectical theology, also known as neo-orthodoxy, and i…
Emily ChubbuckEmily Chubbuck (1817–1854) was a nineteenth-century American writer known by the pen name "Fanny Forester." The third wife of Adoniram Judson, she se…
Emma RevellEmma Revell (1843–1903) was the wife of the American revivalist Dwight L. Moody. A Sunday school teacher, she is known for supporting her husband's m…
ErasmusErasmus (c. 1466–1536) was a Dutch Catholic priest and humanist scholar. In 1516 he produced the first printed Greek New Testament to be published an…
Erdmuthe Dorothea von ReussErdmuthe Dorothea von Reuss (1700–1756) was a German countess and hymnwriter of the Pietist era. The first wife of Nicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf, sh…
Eric LiddellEric Liddell (1902–1945) was a Scottish athlete and missionary. At the 1924 Paris Olympics he declined to run in the 100 meters heats, which were hel…
Eugene BellEugene Bell (1868–1925), known in Korean as Bae Yu-ji, was an American Southern Presbyterian missionary to Korea. He founded mission stations in Mokp…
Eugene PetersonEugene Peterson (1932–2018) was an American minister of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) and a spiritual theologian. He wrote The Message, a renderin…
Eusebius of CaesareaEusebius (c. 260 – c. 339) was bishop of Caesarea in Palestine and a historian of the early church. His *Ecclesiastical History* has earned him the t…
EutychesEutyches (c. 380–after 454) was an archimandrite (abbot) in Constantinople. He taught that in Christ the divine and human natures were united into a …

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Fanny CrosbyFanny Crosby (1820–1915) was a blind American hymn writer and poet. She wrote more than 8,000 hymn texts, including "Blessed Assurance," which appear…
Faye MoonFaye Moon (Moon Hye-rim, 1936–2022) was an American-born social worker and human rights activist and the wife of the Rev. Moon Dong-hwan. She publici…
Florence MackenzieFlorence Mackenzie (1911–1984) was a Canadian nurse. In 1934 she married Eric Liddell, the Scottish missionary and Olympic gold medalist, in Tianjin,…
Francis CollinsFrancis Collins (born 1950) is an American geneticist and physician. He led the Human Genome Project and the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)…
Francis SchaefferFrancis Schaeffer (1912–1984) was an American Presbyterian minister and Christian apologist (one who explains and defends the rationality of the Chri…
Francis of AssisiFrancis of Assisi (1181/1182–1226) was a medieval Italian friar who founded the Order of Friars Minor (the Franciscans), a community devoted to a lif…
Frank SchofieldFrank William Schofield (1889–1970) was an English-born Canadian Presbyterian medical missionary and veterinary scientist. He is known in Korea by hi…
François FénelonFrançois Fénelon (1651–1715) was a French Catholic theologian, writer, and Archbishop of Cambrai. He is known for spiritual writings that emphasize "…
Frederick DouglassFrederick Douglass (1818–1895) was an American abolitionist, orator, and journalist. Born into slavery, he escaped and became a lay preacher in a Bla…
Friedrich SchleiermacherFriedrich Schleiermacher (1768–1834) was a German Protestant theologian and philosopher. He defined the essence of religion as "the feeling of absolu…
Fyodor DostoevskyFyodor Dostoevsky (1821–1881) was a Russian novelist and a member of the Russian Orthodox Church. In works such as Crime and Punishment and The Broth…

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G. K. ChestertonG. K. Chesterton (1874–1936) was an English journalist, author, and Christian apologist. He is best known for apologetic works such as Orthodoxy and …
Geerhardus VosGeerhardus Vos (1862–1949) was a Dutch-born American Reformed theologian who taught biblical theology at Princeton Theological Seminary. He is regard…
Geertruydt JansdochterGeertruydt Jansdochter was a sixteenth-century Dutch woman and the wife of the Anabaptist leader Menno Simons. After their marriage around 1536, she …
George FoxGeorge Fox (1624–1691) was an English itinerant preacher who founded the Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as the Quakers. He emphasized t…
George MacDonaldGeorge MacDonald (1824–1905) was a Scottish Congregationalist minister and author. His works, including Phantastes and The Princess and the Goblin, h…
George MüllerGeorge Müller (1805–1898) was a Prussian-born evangelist who ministered in Bristol, England. He ran his orphanages on the principle of relying on pra…
George WhitefieldGeorge Whitefield (1714–1770) was a priest of the Church of England and an itinerant preacher. He is regarded as one of the figures who sparked the e…
Gertrude Hobbs ChambersGertrude Hobbs Chambers (1883–1966) was an English Christian and the wife of Oswald Chambers. She took down her husband's lectures in shorthand and, …
Girolamo SavonarolaGirolamo Savonarola (1452–1498) was a Dominican friar and preacher active in Florence, Italy. He denounced corruption in the church and in society, w…
Gladys AylwardGladys Aylward (1902–1970) was an English-born independent missionary. She evangelized and cared for orphans in Shanxi Province, China, and is known …
Gottfried Wilhelm LeibnizGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) was a German philosopher and mathematician. A Lutheran lay scholar, he wrote the *Theodicy*, a treatment of the…
Gregory IGregory I (c. 540–604) was bishop of Rome (pope) from 590 to 604. He is regarded as one of the leading Fathers of the Western Church and is also know…
Gregory VIIGregory VII (Hildebrand, d. 1085) was pope from 1073 to 1085. He led reforms prohibiting simony and the appointment of clergy by secular rulers, and …
Gregory the IlluminatorGregory the Illuminator converted the king of Armenia in the early fourth century, leading Armenia to adopt Christianity as its state religion. He is…
Gustaf AulénGustaf Aulén (1879–1977) was a Swedish Lutheran theologian and bishop. In *Christus Victor* he classified theories of the atonement, which explain th…
Gustavo GutiérrezGustavo Gutiérrez (1928–2024) was a Peruvian Catholic priest and theologian whose book A Theology of Liberation (1971) earned him the title "father o…

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H. Richard NiebuhrHelmut Richard Niebuhr (1894–1962) was an American Protestant theologian and Christian ethicist. The younger brother of Reinhold Niebuhr, he taught a…
Ha Yong-joHa Yong-jo (1946–2011) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap). He founded Onnuri Church and the Christian publisher Duranno, an…
Ham Sok-honHam Sok-hon (1901–1989) was a Korean Christian thinker who belonged to the circle of contributors behind the journal *Seongseo Joseon* (Bible Korea) …
Ham Tae-youngHam Tae-young (咸台永, 1873–1964) was a Presbyterian minister who had earlier served as a judicial officer of the Korean Empire. He was one of the fo…
Han Kyung-ChikHan Kyung-Chik (1902–2000) was a Presbyterian minister and educator. In 1945 he founded Youngnak Church in Seoul. He later served as moderator of the…
Han Sang-dongHan Sang-dong (1901–1976) was a Presbyterian minister who led resistance to compulsory Shinto shrine worship during the Japanese colonial period in K…
Hans KüngHans Küng (1928–2021) was a Swiss Catholic priest and theologian. After he criticized the doctrine of papal infallibility, the Holy See revoked his a…
Harriet Beecher StoweHarriet Beecher Stowe (1811–1896) was an American author and abolitionist, best known for Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852), a novel that indicted slavery. Th…
HegesippusHegesippus was a second-century Christian writer who compiled the Memoirs, a collection of early church traditions. The original work is lost and sur…
Heinrich BullingerHeinrich Bullinger (1504–1575) was a Swiss Reformer. He succeeded Huldrych Zwingli and led the church of Zurich for more than forty years, and he wro…
Helen KimHelen Kim (Kim Hwal-lan, 1899–1970) was a Methodist educator and leader in the women's movement. She was the first Korean principal of Ewha Women's C…
Helen Thompson SundayHelen Thompson Sunday (1868–1957) was an American evangelist. As the wife of the revivalist Billy Sunday, she organized his large-scale evangelistic …
HelenaHelena (c. 248 – c. 330) was the mother of the Roman emperor Constantine I. In her later years she made a pilgrimage to Palestine and sponsored the c…
Henri NouwenHenri Nouwen (1932–1996) was a Dutch Catholic priest and spiritual writer. After teaching at the divinity schools of Yale and Harvard, he served as p…
Henry AppenzellerHenry Appenzeller (1858–1902) was an American missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church (North) who arrived in Korea, then the Joseon kingdom, in …
Henry Dodge AppenzellerHenry Dodge Appenzeller (1889–1953) was an American Methodist missionary born in Seoul. He served for about twenty years as the fifth principal of Pa…
Henry MartynHenry Martyn (1781–1812) was a Church of England priest and a missionary who worked in India and Persia. He translated the New Testament into Urdu, P…
Henry VIIIHenry VIII (1491–1547) was King of England (reigned 1509–1547). After breaking with the pope over the annulment of his marriage, he declared the mona…
Henry Ward BeecherHenry Ward Beecher (1813–1887) was a nineteenth-century American Congregationalist preacher and abolitionist who served as pastor of Plymouth Church …
Herman BavinckHerman Bavinck (1854–1921) was a Dutch Reformed theologian. He taught at the Theological School in Kampen and at the Free University of Amsterdam, an…
Hermann GunkelHermann Gunkel (1862–1932) was a German Protestant Old Testament scholar. He is regarded as the founder of form criticism, a method that analyzes bib…
HillelHillel was a Jewish teacher of the Law, active from the late first century BC to the early first century AD, and the founder of the School of Hillel.…
HippolytusHippolytus (c. 170 – c. 235) was a presbyter and theologian of the church in Rome in the early third century. His *Refutation of All Heresies* is an …
HolofernesHolofernes is a character in the apocryphal Book of Judith who serves as commander in chief of King Nebuchadnezzar's army. He besieges Bethulia and i…
Homer HulbertHomer Hulbert (1863–1949) was an American Methodist missionary and educator. He came to Joseon in 1886 as an English teacher at the Yugyeong Gongwon …
Honorius IHonorius I (d. 638) was bishop of Rome (pope) from 625 to 638. Because of a letter that appeared to affirm a single will in Christ, he was condemned …
Horace AllenHorace Newton Allen (1858–1932) was an American medical missionary sent by the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian) who later be…
Horace UnderwoodHorace Grant Underwood (1859–1916) was an American Northern Presbyterian missionary who arrived in Korea, then the Joseon kingdom, in 1885. He founde…
Hudson TaylorHudson Taylor (1832–1905) was a British Protestant missionary who founded the China Inland Mission (CIM) in 1865 and led missionary work in inland Ch…
Huldrych ZwingliHuldrych Zwingli (1484–1531) was a reformer who led the Reformation in Zurich, Switzerland. He is regarded as the starting point of the Reformed trad…
Hwang Sa-yeongHwang Sa-yeong (1775–1801) was a Catholic of the late Joseon period. During the Sinyu Persecution of 1801, he wrote the "Silk Letter of Hwang Sa-yeon…

I 6

Idelette de BureIdelette de Bure was a sixteenth-century woman from the Low Countries and the wife of the Reformer John Calvin. After the death of her first husband,…
Ignatius of AntiochIgnatius of Antioch was bishop of the church in Antioch in the early second century. While being taken to Rome for martyrdom, he wrote seven letters.…
Ignatius of LoyolaIgnatius of Loyola (1491–1556) was a Spanish Catholic priest who founded the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) and wrote the *Spiritual Exercises*. His …
IrenaeusIrenaeus was a Church Father who served as bishop of Lyon in Gaul in the late second century. In *Against Heresies* he refuted Gnosticism and emphasi…
Isaac WattsIsaac Watts (1674–1748) was an English Congregational minister, hymn writer, and theologian. The author of about 750 hymns, he is known as the "Fathe…
Isidore (Gnostic)Isidore was a second-century Gnostic teacher active in Alexandria, Egypt, and the son and disciple of Basilides. His writings survive only in passage…

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J. Gresham MachenJohn Gresham Machen (1881–1937) was an American Presbyterian New Testament scholar. He criticized liberal theology in *Christianity and Liberalism* a…
J. I. PackerJ. I. Packer (1926–2020) was an English-born evangelical Anglican theologian in the Reformed tradition who spent the latter part of his career in Can…
J. R. R. TolkienJ. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973) was an English philologist and author best known for *The Hobbit* and *The Lord of the Rings*. A devout Roman Catholic, …
Jacobus ArminiusJacobus Arminius (1560–1609) was a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church and a professor of theology at Leiden University. His dissent from the Calvi…
James Scarth GaleJames Scarth Gale (1863–1937) was a Canadian Presbyterian missionary to Korea, known in Korea as Gi Il (奇一). He served as the first senior pastor o…
James Zhou WenmoJames Zhou Wenmo (周文謨, 1752–1801) was a Chinese priest and the first Catholic priest to enter Joseon Korea. He secretly entered Joseon at the end …
Jan HusJan Hus (c. 1369–1415) was a theologian and preacher from Bohemia (the present-day Czech Republic). After advocating church reform, he was condemned …
Jeanne GuyonJeanne Guyon (1648–1717) was a French Roman Catholic lay mystic. She taught interior prayer in *A Short and Very Easy Method of Prayer* and spent man…
Jennie Evans MooreJennie Evans Moore (1874 or 1883–1936) was an African American Pentecostal leader. She was among the first to speak in tongues in the early days of t…
Jeong Yak-jongJeong Yak-jong (1760–1801) was a Catholic lay leader in late Joseon Korea. He wrote the Jugyo yoji (Essentials of the Lord's Teaching), regarded as t…
JeromeJerome (c. 347–420) was a biblical scholar and Church Father of the ancient Western church. He translated the Latin Bible known as the Vulgate.
Jim ElliotJim Elliot (1927–1956) was an American Protestant missionary. In 1956 he and four fellow missionaries were killed in Ecuador while attempting to brin…
JoabJoab was the son of Zeruiah, King David's sister, and served as commander of the army during David's reign. Though an outstanding military leader, he…
JoachimJoachim is the figure whom church tradition, including the second-century apocryphal Protoevangelium of James, identifies as the father of Mary, the …
Joachim JeremiasJoachim Jeremias (1900–1979) was a German Lutheran New Testament scholar. He studied the parables of Jesus, the words of institution of the Lord's Su…
Joel OsteenJoel Osteen (born 1963) is an American television preacher and the senior pastor of Lakewood Church, a megachurch in Houston, Texas. He is the author…
Johann Albrecht BengelJohann Albrecht Bengel (1687–1752) was a Lutheran theologian from Württemberg, Germany. His critical edition of the Greek New Testament (1734) and hi…
Johannes CocceiusJohannes Cocceius (1603–1669) was a Reformed theologian from Bremen, Germany, who worked in the Netherlands. He systematized covenant theology (also …
John Amos ComeniusJohn Amos Comenius (1592–1670) was a Moravian-born Protestant pastor and educator. He was the last bishop of the Unity of the Brethren (Unitas Fratru…
John BunyanJohn Bunyan (1628–1688) was an English Puritan preacher and author. He is best known for *The Pilgrim's Progress*, written during his imprisonment. T…
John CalvinJohn Calvin (1509–1564) was a French-born Reformer and theologian who ministered in Geneva, Switzerland. His Institutes of the Christian Religion lai…
John ChrysostomJohn Chrysostom (c. 347–407) was a Church Father from Antioch who served as Archbishop of Constantinople. His outstanding preaching earned him the ep…
John ClimacusJohn Climacus was a sixth- and seventh-century monk of Mount Sinai and abbot of its monastery. He wrote the spiritual classic The Ladder of Divine As…
John Duns ScotusJohn Duns Scotus (c. 1265/66–1308) was a Scottish Franciscan friar and medieval scholastic theologian. Known as "the Subtle Doctor," he is famous for…
John G. PatonJohn Gibson Paton (1824–1907) was a Scottish Presbyterian missionary. He served on the islands of Tanna and Aniwa in the New Hebrides (present-day Va…
John HeronJohn W. Heron (1856–1890) was the first medical missionary formally appointed by the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian Church)…
John KnoxJohn Knox (c. 1514–1572) was a Scottish reformer. Drawing on the theology of John Calvin, he led the Scottish Reformation and is regarded as having l…
John LennoxJohn Carson Lennox (born 1943) is a Northern Irish mathematician and Christian apologist. He is Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at the University o…
John MiltonJohn Milton (1608–1674) was an English poet and polemicist. He wrote Paradise Lost, an epic poem on the fall of Adam and Eve, and served in the repub…
John MurrayJohn Murray (1898–1975) was a Scottish Presbyterian theologian. He taught systematic theology at Westminster Theological Seminary in the United State…
John NeviusJohn Livingston Nevius (1829–1893) was an American missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian) who served in China fo…
John NewtonJohn Newton (1725–1807) was an English Anglican clergyman and hymn writer. A former captain of slave-trading ships, he underwent a conversion, wrote …
John OwenJohn Owen (1616–1683) was an English Puritan theologian and pastor. A leading representative of the Congregationalists (Independents), he served as v…
John Paul IIJohn Paul II (1920–2005), a native of Poland, was the 264th pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1978 to 2005. He was the first pope to v…
John PiperJohn Piper (1946– ) is an American Baptist pastor and theologian. He served for thirty-three years at Bethlehem Baptist Church in Minneapolis, advoca…
John R. MottJohn R. Mott (1865–1955) was an American Methodist lay leader. He led the Student Volunteer Movement, the YMCA, and the World Student Christian Feder…
John RossJohn Ross (1842–1915) was a missionary to Manchuria, China, sent by the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland. Working with Korean collaborators, he…
John StottJohn R. W. Stott (1921–2011) was an English Anglican priest, preacher, and author. A leading figure in the worldwide evangelical movement of the twen…
John WesleyJohn Wesley (1703–1791) was a priest of the Church of England. He launched the Methodist movement in eighteenth-century England and is regarded as th…
John WimberJohn Wimber (1934–1997) was an American pastor and musician. He is regarded as the founder of the Vineyard Movement and became widely known for "powe…
John WycliffeJohn Wycliffe (c. 1330–1384) was an English theologian, philosopher, and church reformer. He led the effort to produce the first translation of the e…
John XXIIIJohn XXIII (1881–1963) was the 261st pope of the Roman Catholic Church. During his pontificate he convoked the Second Vatican Council, and he is popu…
John of the CrossJohn of the Cross (1542–1591) was a Spanish Carmelite friar, mystic, and poet. With Teresa of Ávila, he founded the Discalced Carmelites, and he wrot…
Jonathan EdwardsJonathan Edwards (1703–1758) was a Congregationalist minister and theologian in colonial British North America. A leading figure of the Great Awakeni…
JosephusJosephus (c. 37 – c. 100) was a first-century Jewish historian. He wrote The Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews, and his works are among the extr…
Josh McDowellJosh McDowell (born 1939) is an American evangelical Christian apologist and evangelist. He became widely known through his 1972 book Evidence That D…
Joy DavidmanJoy Davidman (1915–1960) was an American poet and writer. Raised in a Jewish family, she was an atheist before converting to Christianity. She wrote …
Ju Gi-cheolJu Gi-cheol (1897–1944) was a Korean Presbyterian minister during the Japanese colonial period. While serving as senior pastor of Sanjeonghyeon Churc…
Ju Nam-seonJu Nam-seon (朱南善, 1888–1951) was a Presbyterian minister who served in Geochang, South Gyeongsang Province, Korea. He took part in the March First…
Judas MaccabeusJudas Maccabeus was the leader of the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid king Antiochus IV in the second century BC. He recaptured the Temple in Jeru…
Julian (Roman Emperor)Julian (331–363), a nephew of Constantine I, the emperor who legalized Christianity, ruled the Roman Empire from 361 to 363. Although he was raised a…
Julius AfricanusJulius Africanus (c. 160 – c. 240) was a Christian scholar of the early church in the third century. He wrote a chronicle that arranged world history…
Julius WellhausenJulius Wellhausen (1844–1918) was a German Old Testament scholar and Orientalist. He is widely known for systematizing the Documentary Hypothesis, wh…
Jun Taek-buJun Taek-bu (1915–2008) was a Korean YMCA leader and a writer on Christian history. He served as general secretary and later as honorary general secr…
Justin MartyrJustin Martyr was a second-century Christian philosopher and apologist in the Roman Empire. He defended the Christian faith in the language of reason…
Justinian IJustinian I (c. 482–565) was emperor of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire from 527 to 565. He is known for codifying Roman law and for rebuilding …
Jürgen MoltmannJürgen Moltmann (1926–2024) was a German Protestant systematic theologian. Known for *Theology of Hope* and *The Crucified God*, he is regarded as on…

K 18

Kang Shin-myungKang Shin-myung (1909–1985) was a minister and educator in the Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap). He served for many years as senior pastor of S…
Kang Won-yongKang Won-yong (1917–2006) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea. He co-founded Kyungdong Church and founded the Christia…
Karl BarthKarl Barth (1886–1968) was a Swiss Reformed pastor and theologian. Through his Epistle to the Romans, the Barmen Declaration, and the Church Dogmatic…
Karl GützlaffKarl Gützlaff (1803–1851) was a Prussian Protestant missionary. In 1832 he sailed aboard a British merchant ship that anchored near Godae Island in C…
Karl RahnerKarl Rahner (1904–1984) was a German Catholic theologian and Jesuit priest. He served as a theological expert at the Second Vatican Council and is wi…
Katharina von BoraKatharina von Bora (1499–1552) was a sixteenth-century German former nun. In 1525 she married the Reformer Martin Luther, and their household became …
Kenneth HaginKenneth Hagin (1917–2003) was an American charismatic preacher. He is regarded as a pioneer of the Word of Faith movement, which emphasizes faith and…
Kil Sun-jooKil Sun-joo (吉善宙, 1869–1935) was one of the first seven Korean Presbyterian ministers. He pastored Jangdaehyeon Church in Pyongyang, began the daw…
Kim Cha-sukKim Cha-suk was the wife of Han Sang-dong, a Presbyterian minister who led the movement of resistance to Shinto shrine worship during Japanese coloni…
Kim Chi-sunKim Chi-sun (1899–1968) was a Korean Presbyterian minister and Old Testament scholar. Shortly after Korea's liberation in 1945, as senior pastor of N…
Kim Dae-hyunKim Dae-hyun (金大鉉, 1873 or 1876–1940) was a Korean Presbyterian elder during the period of Japanese colonial rule in Korea. As an elder of Seungdo…
Kim Dong-myung (pastor)Kim Dong-myung was a Baptist pastor from Cheolsan, North Pyongan Province. In 1957 he founded the Korean Baptist Church of Los Angeles, laying the fo…
Kim Ik-duKim Ik-du (1874–1950) was a Korean Presbyterian minister and revivalist of the Japanese colonial period. He became widely known for revival meetings …
Kim Jae-junKim Jae-jun (金在俊, 1901–1987) was a Korean Presbyterian minister and progressive theologian whose pen name was Changgong (長空). He played a centra…
Kim Joon-gonKim Joon-gon (1925–2009) was a Korean Presbyterian minister of the Presbyterian Church of Korea. In 1958 he founded Korea Campus Crusade for Christ (…
Kim Kyo-shinKim Kyo-shin (金敎臣, 1901–1945) was a Korean Christian thinker and educator during the Japanese colonial period. An adherent of the Non-Church (Muky…
Kim Pil-ryeKim Pil-rye (1891–1983) was one of the three founders of the Korean YWCA. A Presbyterian educator, she served as principal of Speer Girls' School and…
Kim Yang-seonKim Yang-seon (金良善, 1907–1970) was a Korean Presbyterian minister, church historian, and archaeologist. He was a professor at Soongsil University …

L 13

LactantiusLactantius (c. 250 – c. 325) was a Latin rhetorician and Christian writer from North Africa, best known as the author of the *Divine Institutes* and …
Lee Chang-woo (pastor)Lee Chang-woo (1931–2002) was a South Korean Presbyterian minister. In 1961 in Gwangju he cofounded the University Bible Fellowship (UBF) with Sarah …
Lee Hyun-pilLee Hyun-pil (1913–1964) was a Korean Protestant lay ascetic active during the Japanese colonial period and after Korea's liberation. He founded Dong…
Lee StrobelLee Strobel (born 1952) is an American Christian author and pastor. An atheist while working as the legal affairs reporter for the Chicago Tribune, h…
Leo TolstoyLeo Tolstoy (1828–1910) was a Russian novelist and religious and moral thinker, the author of *War and Peace*, *Anna Karenina*, and *Resurrection*. H…
Leo XIIILeo XIII (1810–1903) was the 256th pope of the Roman Catholic Church, reigning from 1878 to 1903. He is known for promulgating the encyclical Rerum N…
Lesslie NewbiginLesslie Newbigin (1909–1998) was a British missionary, theologian, and leader in the ecumenical movement. He served as a missionary in India and as a…
Lillias Horton UnderwoodLillias Horton Underwood (1851–1921) was an American medical missionary sent by the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (the Northern Presbyterian Chur…
LonginusLonginus is the name that later tradition gave to the soldier who pierced Jesus' side with a spear at the crucifixion, or to the centurion who confes…
Lottie MoonLottie Moon (1840–1912) was a Southern Baptist missionary to China. She evangelized in Shandong Province for about forty years, and her appeals led t…
Louis BerkhofLouis Berkhof (1873–1957) was a Dutch-born American Reformed theologian. He served as professor and president of Calvin Theological Seminary, and his…
Louis SeveranceLouis Henry Severance (1838–1913) was an American businessman and Presbyterian layman. He served as treasurer of Standard Oil and is known as the ben…
Lyman BeecherLyman Beecher (1775–1863) was a nineteenth-century American Presbyterian and Congregationalist minister and revivalist. He was a leader of the temper…

M 23

MaimonidesMaimonides (c. 1138–1204) was a medieval Jewish rabbi, philosopher, and physician. He wrote the *Mishneh Torah* and *The Guide for the Perplexed*, wo…
Malcolm FenwickMalcolm C. Fenwick (1863–1935) was a Canadian independent missionary to Korea. In 1906, at Ganggyeong in South Chungcheong Province, he founded the C…
Margaret FellMargaret Fell (1614–1702) was a leading figure in the Quaker movement in seventeenth-century England. She made Swarthmoor Hall a center of the early …
Marian Bottomley HallMarian Bottomley Hall was a British-born physician and Methodist medical missionary. During the period of Japanese colonial rule in Korea, she worked…
Martin BucerMartin Bucer (1491–1551) was a German reformer who led the Reformation in Strasbourg. He labored throughout his life to reconcile the divided Reforma…
Martin LutherMartin Luther (1483–1546) was a German theologian and monk. In 1517 he launched the Reformation with his Ninety-five Theses, a movement that became t…
Martin Luther King Jr.Martin Luther King Jr. (1929–1968) was an American Baptist minister and a leader of the African American civil rights movement. He led a nonviolent m…
Mary I of EnglandMary I (1516–1558) was Queen of England and Ireland (reigned 1553–1558). She restored Catholicism in England and executed Protestants, which led Prot…
Mary Jane FeatherstoneMary Jane Featherstone was a British Salvation Army evangelist active from the late nineteenth century into the early twentieth century. Known by the…
Mary Leyburn JunkinMary Leyburn Junkin (1866–1952) was an American Southern Presbyterian missionary. With her husband, William Junkin (known in Korea as Jeon Wi-ryeom),…
Mary ScrantonMary Scranton (1832–1909) was the first woman missionary sent to Korea by the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (t…
MattathiasMattathias was a Jewish priest who lived in Modein in the second century BC. He launched the Maccabean Revolt against the religious persecution of th…
Matthew HenryMatthew Henry (1662–1714) was an English Nonconformist Presbyterian minister and biblical commentator. He wrote the *Exposition of the Old and New Te…
Mattie Wilcox NobleMattie Wilcox Noble (1872–1956) was an American missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church. From 1892 to 1934 she worked alongside her husband, Wil…
Maximus the ConfessorMaximus the Confessor (c. 580–662) was a seventh-century Eastern Roman monk and theologian. He is called "the Confessor" because he suffered torture …
Meister EckhartMeister Eckhart (c. 1260–c. 1328) was a medieval German Dominican friar, theologian, and preacher. He is regarded as a leading representative of "Ger…
Menno SimonsMenno Simons (1496–1561) was a Roman Catholic priest from Friesland in the Netherlands who became an Anabaptist leader. He united the pacifist Anabap…
Mesrop MashtotsMesrop Mashtots (c. 362–440) was a monk and scholar who created the Armenian alphabet in the early fifth century and led the effort to translate the …
Moon Dong-hwanMoon Dong-hwan (1921–2019) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea and a theologian of Christian education. He taught at H…
Moon Ik-hwanMoon Ik-hwan (1918–1994) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea, an Old Testament scholar, and a poet. His pen name was N…
Moon Jae-rinMoon Jae-rin (文在麟, 1896–1985) was a Korean Presbyterian minister. Raised in Myeongdong Village in North Jiandao, he served as senior pastor of Yon…
Moon Joon-kyungMoon Joon-kyung (1891–1950) was a woman evangelist of the Holiness Church who ministered in the island region of Sinan, South Jeolla Province, Korea.…
Mother TeresaMother Teresa (1910–1997) was a Catholic nun who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Kolkata, India, to care for the poor, the sick, and the dying…

N 6

N. T. WrightN. T. Wright (Tom Wright, born 1948) is an English Anglican bishop and New Testament scholar. He served as Bishop of Durham and is regarded as a lead…
NabonidusNabonidus was the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire (reigned 556–539 BC). Although he is not named in the Bible, he is known as the father of Be…
NeroNero (37–68) was the fifth emperor of the Roman Empire, reigning from 54 to 68. He is known as the first Roman emperor to persecute Christians, which…
Nicolaus Ludwig von ZinzendorfNicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (1700–1760) was an eighteenth-century German Pietist count. By receiving Moravian refugees on his estate at Herrnhut, …
Nicolaus von ZinzendorfNicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (1700–1760) was a German count and Pietist leader. He founded the Herrnhut community, revived the Moravian Brethren, a…
NovatianNovatian was a third-century presbyter and theologian of the church at Rome. He took a rigorist position on whether to readmit those who had renounce…

O 7

Ok Han-heumOk Han-heum (玉漢欽, 1938–2010) was a minister of the Presbyterian Church in Korea (Hapdong). He founded SaRang Community Church, and through his boo…
Oliver R. AvisonOliver R. Avison (1860–1956; Korean name Eo Bi-sin) was a Canadian-born medical missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyt…
Oral RobertsOral Roberts (1918–2009) was an American Pentecostal and charismatic healing evangelist. He became widely known through his tent meetings and televis…
Oretha RookerOretha Rooker (1918–2007) was the wife of the American charismatic preacher Kenneth Hagin. During roughly sixty-five years of marriage, she is known …
OrigenOrigen (c. 185 – c. 253) was an early church theologian and biblical interpreter from Alexandria. He produced the Hexapla, a parallel edition of the …
Oscar CullmannOscar Cullmann (1902–1999) was a Lutheran New Testament scholar from Alsace, France. He is widely known for his theology of "salvation history" (Heil…
Oswald ChambersOswald Chambers (1874–1917) was a Scottish Baptist evangelist and Bible teacher closely associated with the Holiness movement. He is best known for *…

P 18

PachomiusPachomius (c. 292–346) was a fourth-century Egyptian monk. He is known as the first to organize cenobitic monasticism, in which a number of monks liv…
Paek Hong-junPaek Hong-jun (1848–1893) was an early Korean Protestant from Uiju, North Pyongan Province. Baptized in Manchuria by a Scottish Presbyterian missiona…
Paik Nak-chunPaik Nak-chun (白樂濬, 1895–1985), also known as George Paik, was a Korean church historian, educator, and politician. His English-language doctoral …
PapiasPapias was bishop of Hierapolis in Asia Minor in the early second century and an early church writer who left the earliest testimony concerning the o…
Park Hyung-ryongPark Hyung-ryong (1897–1978) was a Korean Presbyterian theologian whose pen name was Juksan. Beginning as a professor at the Presbyterian Theological…
Park Sin-ilPark Sin-il was the wife of Sohn Jeong-do, a Methodist minister and Korean independence activist during the Japanese colonial period. She is known as…
Park Yune-sunPark Yune-sun (1905–1988), whose pen name was Jeongam (正岩), was a Presbyterian minister and theologian. He was the first Korean to complete and pub…
Patsy Bolling ReynoldsPatsy Bolling Reynolds (1868–1962) was an American Southern Presbyterian missionary. In 1892 she came to Korea with her husband, William Reynolds (Ko…
Paul Chong HasangPaul Chong Hasang (丁夏祥, 1795–1839) was a Catholic lay leader in late Joseon Korea. After the Sinyu Persecution, he worked to rebuild the shattered…
Paul TillichPaul Tillich (1886–1965) was a German-born American Lutheran theologian and philosopher. One of the leading systematic theologians of the twentieth c…
Peter Yi Seung-hunYi Seung-hun (李承薰, 1756–1801) was a Korean Catholic of the late Joseon period whose baptismal name was Peter. Baptized in Beijing in 1784, he beca…
Philip MelanchthonPhilip Melanchthon (1497–1560) was a German Reformer and humanist scholar. The closest colleague of Martin Luther, he wrote the Loci Communes, regard…
Philipp Jakob SpenerPhilipp Jakob Spener (1635–1705) was a German Lutheran pastor and theologian. His *Pia Desideria* (1675) launched the German Pietist movement, and fo…
Philo of AlexandriaPhilo of Alexandria (c. 20 BC – c. AD 50) was a Jewish philosopher who interpreted the Pentateuch in light of Greek philosophy. Through his allegoric…
PolycarpPolycarp (c. 69–c. 155) was a second-century bishop of the church at Smyrna in Asia Minor and a martyr. He was an Apostolic Father, traditionally reg…
Pope FrancisFrancis (1936–2025), born in Argentina, was the 266th pope of the Roman Catholic Church. He reigned from 2013 to 2025 and was the first pope from the…
Priscilla StuddPriscilla Studd (1864–1929) was an Irish-born Protestant missionary. While serving in China she married C. T. Studd, and while her husband worked in …
Pseudo-Dionysius the AreopagitePseudo-Dionysius was an anonymous Christian writer thought to have been active in the late fifth or early sixth century. He wrote under the name of D…

R 15

R. A. TorreyR. A. Torrey (1856–1928) was an American Congregational minister, revivalist, educator, and author. He worked alongside Dwight L. Moody, served as th…
Ralph WinterRalph D. Winter (1924–2009) was an American Presbyterian missionary and missiologist. At the 1974 Lausanne Congress he introduced the concept of "hid…
Ramesses IIRamesses II was a pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt who reigned for more than sixty years in the thirteenth century BC. Because he s…
Reinhold NiebuhrReinhold Niebuhr (1892–1971) was an American Protestant theologian and Christian ethicist. He is known for "Christian realism," an approach that purs…
Richard BaxterRichard Baxter (1615–1691) was an English Puritan minister and writer. He is known for his pastoral ministry of household visitation and catechetical…
Rick WarrenRick Warren (1954– ) is an American evangelical pastor and author. He founded Saddleback Church in California in 1980 and wrote *The Purpose Driven C…
Robert EstienneRobert Estienne (c. 1503–1559) was a French printer and classical scholar. In 1551 he became the first to number the verses of the Greek New Testamen…
Robert HardieRobert Alexander Hardie (1865–1949) was a Canadian medical missionary and Methodist minister. Known in Korea as Ha Ri-yeong (河鯉泳), he is remembere…
Robert Jermain ThomasRobert Jermain Thomas was a Welsh missionary of the London Missionary Society. In 1866 he sailed up the Taedong River as an interpreter aboard the Am…
Robert MorrisonRobert Morrison (1782–1834) was the first Protestant missionary to China, sent by the London Missionary Society in 1807. He devoted himself to transl…
Robert Murray M'CheyneRobert Murray M'Cheyne (1813–1843) was a minister of the Church of Scotland. He served St. Peter's Church in Dundee and is widely known as the author…
Roberta WinterRoberta Winter (1930–2001) was an American Presbyterian missionary. With her husband, Ralph Winter, she served as a missionary in Guatemala, and in 1…
Rosetta Sherwood HallRosetta Sherwood Hall (1865–1951) was an American Methodist medical missionary. She arrived in Korea (Joseon) in 1890 and for more than forty years d…
Rudolf BultmannRudolf Bultmann (1884–1976) was a German Lutheran New Testament scholar. His form-critical analysis of the Gospel traditions and his call for the "de…
Ruth Bell GrahamRuth Bell Graham (1920–2007) was an American Christian author and poet. The daughter of Presbyterian medical missionaries in China, she was the wife …

S 24

Saint PatrickSaint Patrick (Patricius, 5th century) was a missionary and bishop from Roman Britannia who brought Christianity to Ireland. He is the patron saint o…
Samuel Austin MoffettSamuel Austin Moffett (1864–1939) was an American Northern Presbyterian missionary to Korea, where he was known by the Korean name Ma Po-sam-yeol. He…
Samuel RutherfordSamuel Rutherford (c. 1600–1661) was a seventeenth-century Scottish Presbyterian minister and theologian. He attended the Westminster Assembly as a c…
Samuel WesleySamuel Wesley (1662–1735) was a Church of England priest and poet. He served as rector of Epworth for nearly forty years and was the father of John W…
Sarah BarrySarah Barry (born 1930) is a missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the United States (PCUS, the Southern Presbyterian Church). In 1961 she co-foun…
Sarah Hall BoardmanSarah Hall Boardman (1803–1845) was an American Baptist missionary. In Burma (present-day Myanmar) she helped establish schools and churches among th…
Sarah ThistlethwaiteSarah Thistlethwaite (1877–1937) was the wife of Charles Parham, an early leader of the American Pentecostal movement. She joined her husband in itin…
Seo Gyeong-joSeo Gyeong-jo (徐景祚, 1852–1938) was an early Korean Protestant convert and Presbyterian minister from Uiju, Pyongan Province. With his older brothe…
Seo Sang-ryunSeo Sang-ryun (1848–1926) was an early Korean Protestant from Uiju, Pyeongan Province. In Manchuria he assisted the missionary John Ross in translati…
Seti ISeti I was the second pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt, reigning in the thirteenth century BC. He was the father of Ramesses II. Hi…
Shalmaneser IIIShalmaneser III was a king of Assyria in the ninth century BC. Because his inscriptions name the Israelite kings Ahab and Jehu, they serve as an impo…
ShammaiShammai was a Jewish teacher of the law active from the late first century BC to the early first century AD. Together with his contemporary Hillel, h…
Sherwood HallSherwood Hall (1893–1991) was a Canadian Methodist medical missionary born in Seoul. He founded a tuberculosis sanatorium in Haeju, Hwanghae Province…
Smith WigglesworthSmith Wigglesworth (1859–1947) was a British evangelist who had a major influence on the early Pentecostal movement. A plumber by trade, he became an…
Sojourner TruthSojourner Truth (c. 1797–1883) was an itinerant preacher born into slavery in New York State. She was a leading figure in the abolitionist and women'…
Son Jeong-doSon Jeong-do (孫貞道, 1882–1931) was a Methodist minister and Korean independence activist during the Japanese colonial period. He served as speaker …
Son Yang-wonSon Yang-won (1902–1950) was a Korean Presbyterian minister. He was imprisoned for refusing the Japanese colonial authorities' compulsory Shinto shri…
Song Chang-geunSong Chang-geun (宋昌根, 1898–?), known by the pen name Manu (晩雨), was a Korean Presbyterian minister and theologian. He led the founding of Chosun…
Stephen LangtonStephen Langton (c. 1150–1228) was an English theologian and Archbishop of Canterbury who is widely known for establishing the chapter divisions used…
Suh Byung-hoSuh Byung-ho (徐丙浩, 1885–1972) was a Korean Presbyterian elder, independence activist, and educator from Sorae in Jangyeon, Hwanghae Province. He i…
Suh Nam-dongSuh Nam-dong (1918–1984) was a Korean Protestant theologian and minister who, together with Ahn Byung-mu, is regarded as having laid the foundations …
Susanna WesleySusanna Wesley (1669–1742) was an Englishwoman and the mother of John Wesley and Charles Wesley, the leaders of the Methodist movement. Known for the…
Susannah SpurgeonSusannah Spurgeon (1832–1903) was a Christian author and the wife of the English Baptist preacher Charles Spurgeon. In 1875 she founded the Book Fund…
Søren KierkegaardSøren Kierkegaard (1813–1855) was a Danish philosopher and Christian thinker. He regarded faith as a decision the individual makes before God, and he…

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T. S. EliotThomas Stearns Eliot (1888–1965) was an American-born British poet and critic. After publishing *The Waste Land*, he was baptized into the Church of …
TacitusTacitus (c. AD 56 – c. 120) was an ancient Roman historian and senator. In his Annals he recorded Emperor Nero's persecution of Christians and the ex…
Teresa of ÁvilaTeresa of Ávila (1515–1582) was a Spanish Catholic nun and mystic (one who seeks direct union with God). She reformed the Carmelite Order, founding t…
TertullianTertullian was a Christian writer and apologist active in Carthage, North Africa, in the second and third centuries. He refined theological terminolo…
TheodoraTheodora (c. 500–548) was a sixth-century empress of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. The wife and closest adviser of Justinian I, she protected…
Theodore BezaTheodore Beza (1519–1605) was a French-born Reformer. He succeeded John Calvin as leader of the church in Geneva and is known for his editions of the…
Theodore of MopsuestiaTheodore of Mopsuestia (c. 350–428) was an early church theologian and biblical commentator and the leading representative of the Antiochene school. …
Theodosius ITheodosius I (347–395) was the last emperor to rule both the eastern and western halves of the Roman Empire. He established Nicene Christianity as th…
Thomas AquinasThomas Aquinas (c. 1225–1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and the leading theologian of medieval Scholasticism. He wrote the Summa Theologiae and …
Thomas CranmerThomas Cranmer (1489–1556) was the Archbishop of Canterbury who led the English Reformation and compiled the Book of Common Prayer, the foundation of…
Thomas MertonThomas Merton (1915–1968) was an American Catholic Trappist monk and priest. He was also a poet and spiritual writer and is widely known for his spir…
Thomas MüntzerThomas Müntzer (c. 1489–1525) was a radical reformer of the German Reformation. He initially followed Martin Luther but later broke with him, and in …
Thomas WatsonThomas Watson (c. 1620–1686) was an English Puritan preacher and author. He is best known for *A Body of Divinity*, a collection of sermons expoundin…
Thomas à KempisThomas à Kempis was a German-born monk who lived and worked in the Netherlands in the fifteenth century. He is known as the author of The Imitation o…
Tim KellerTim Keller (Timothy Keller, 1950–2023) was an American Presbyterian pastor and author of Christian apologetics. In 1989 he founded Redeemer Presbyter…
TitusTitus (39–81) was a Roman emperor (reigned 79–81) who, before his accession, led the Roman army that captured Jerusalem and destroyed the Jerusalem t…

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ValentinusValentinus (c. 100 – c. 160) was a second-century Christian teacher active in Rome, known as the founder of the Valentinians, one of the largest move…
VeronicaVeronica is a woman known only from church tradition; her name does not appear in the Bible. Tradition holds that she wiped the face of Jesus with a …
VespasianVespasian (AD 9–79) was the Roman emperor (reigned 69–79) who founded the Flavian dynasty. Before becoming emperor, he commanded the suppression of t…
Vonette BrightVonette Bright (1926–2015) was an American Christian minister and author. With her husband, Bill Bright, she founded Campus Crusade for Christ (CCC) …

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Watchman NeeWatchman Nee (Ni Tuosheng, 1903–1972) was a twentieth-century Chinese church leader and author. He founded the local church movement and wrote works …
Wiley ForsytheWiley Hamilton Forsythe (1873–1918) was an American medical missionary sent to Korea by the Presbyterian Church in the United States (Southern Presby…
William Arthur NobleWilliam Arthur Noble (1866–1945) was a missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the northern branch of American Methodism. He served in Korea fr…
William BairdWilliam Martyn Baird (1862–1931) was an American missionary of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (Northern Presbyterian), known in Korea as Bae W…
William BoothWilliam Booth (1829–1912) was an English former Methodist minister who, together with his wife Catherine Booth, founded The Salvation Army and served…
William CareyWilliam Carey (1761–1834) was an English Baptist minister and missionary to India. Through his writings arguing for the duty of foreign missions and …
William D. ReynoldsWilliam Davis Reynolds (1867–1951), known in Korea as Yi Nul-seo, was an American missionary sent by the Presbyterian Church in the United States (So…
William J. SeymourWilliam Seymour (1870–1922) was an African American Holiness and Pentecostal preacher. In 1906 he led the Azusa Street Revival in Los Angeles, which …
William James HallWilliam James Hall (1860–1894) was a Canadian-born physician and medical missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church (the American Northern Methodis…
William JunkinWilliam Junkin (1865–1908; Korean name Jeon Wi-ryeom) was an American Southern Presbyterian missionary who, beginning in the 1890s, founded churches …
William Lane CraigWilliam Lane Craig (born 1949) is an American analytic philosopher, theologian, and Christian apologist. He is widely known for reviving the kalam co…
William LintonWilliam Alderman Linton (1891–1960) was an American Southern Presbyterian educational missionary to Korea. Known in Korea as In Don (印敦), he devote…
William MillerWilliam Miller (1782–1849) was an American Baptist lay preacher who, on the basis of calculations from the prophecies of Daniel, proclaimed that Chri…
William PerkinsWilliam Perkins (1558–1602) was an English Puritan theologian and preacher of the Elizabethan era. He taught and preached at Cambridge and is often c…
William ScrantonWilliam Scranton (1856–1922) was an American medical missionary and minister sent to Korea by the Methodist Episcopal Church. He founded Sibyeongwon …
William TyndaleWilliam Tyndale (c. 1494–1536) was an English reformer and Bible translator. He produced the first printed New Testament translated into English from…
William WhittinghamWilliam Whittingham (c. 1524–1579) was an English scholar and clergyman of Puritan sympathies. Exiled to Geneva under Mary I, he led the translation …
William WilberforceBritish politician (1759–1833). Drawing on his evangelical faith, he led the parliamentary campaign to abolish the slave trade for nearly twenty year…
William WredeWilliam Wrede (1859–1906) was a German Lutheran New Testament scholar. He is known for redirecting Gospel studies through his 1901 study of the "Mess…
William of OckhamWilliam of Ockham (c. 1287–1347) was an English Franciscan friar. A leading philosopher and theologian of late medieval Scholasticism, he is widely k…
Wolfhart PannenbergWolfhart Pannenberg (1928–2014) was a German Lutheran systematic theologian. He advanced the concept of "revelation as history," holding that God's r…

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Yang Jeon-baekYang Jeon-baek (梁甸伯, 1869–1933) was a Korean Presbyterian minister and one of the seven men who in 1907 became the first Koreans ordained to the P…
Yi ByeokYi Byeok (李檗, 1754–1785) was a Korean Catholic of the late Joseon period. He is regarded as one of the lay leaders who, together with Yi Seung-hun,…
Yi Gi-pungYi Gi-pung (李基豊, 1865–1942) was a Korean Presbyterian minister. In 1907 he was one of the first seven Koreans ordained to the ministry, and as the…
Yi Ja-ikYi Ja-ik was a Korean Presbyterian minister active during the Japanese colonial period and the years immediately following liberation. Once a hired f…
Yi Sang-jaeYi Sang-jae (李商在, 1850–1927) was a reform-minded official of the Korean Empire and an independence activist. His pen name was Wollam (月南). He em…
Yi Se-jongYi Se-jong (李世鍾) was a Korean lay Christian who, during the Japanese colonial period in Hwasun, South Jeolla Province, read the Bible, gave away h…
Yi Su-jeong (Evangelist)Yi Su-jeong (李樹廷, 1842–1886) was a yangban scholar of the late Joseon period. He was baptized in Tokyo, Japan, in 1883, appealed to American churc…
Yi Yong-doYi Yong-do (1901–1933) was a Methodist minister and revivalist active in Korea during the Japanese colonial period and is officially recognized for h…
Yu Gwan-sunYu Gwan-sun (1902–1920) was a Korean independence activist raised in a Methodist family. She was at the forefront of the independence demonstration a…
Yun Dong-juYun Dong-ju (1917–1945) was a poet active during the Japanese colonial period in Korea. He left behind the posthumous poetry collection *Sky, Wind, S…